A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook

Title:      Flush
            A Biography
Author:     Virginia Woolf
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Language:   English
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A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook

Title:      Flush
            A Biography
Author:     Virginia Woolf





Contents

I.  Three Mile Cross

II.  The Back Bedroom

III.  The Hooded Man

IV.  Whitechapel

V.  Italy

VI.  The End

AUTHORITIES

NOTES




CHAPTER ONE

Three Mile Cross


It is universally admitted that the family from which the subject
of this memoir claims descent is one of the greatest antiquity.
Therefore it is not strange that the origin of the name itself is
lost in obscurity.  Many million years ago the country which is now
called Spain seethed uneasily in the ferment of creation.  Ages
passed; vegetation appeared; where there is vegetation the law of
Nature has decreed that there shall be rabbits; where there are
rabbits, Providence has ordained there shall be dogs.  There is
nothing in this that calls for question, or comment.  But when we
ask why the dog that caught the rabbit was called a Spaniel, then
doubts and difficulties begin.  Some historians say that when the
Carthaginians landed in Spain the common soldiers shouted with one
accord "Span!  Span!"--for rabbits darted from every scrub, from
every bush.  The land was alive with rabbits.  And Span in the
Carthaginian tongue signifies Rabbit.  Thus the land was called
Hispania, or Rabbit-land, and the dogs, which were almost instantly
perceived in full pursuit of the rabbits, were called Spaniels or
rabbit dogs.

There many of us would be content to let the matter rest; but truth
compels us to add that there is another school of thought which
thinks differently.  The word Hispania, these scholars say, has
nothing whatever to do with the Carthaginian word span.  Hispania
derives from the Basque word españa, signifying an edge or
boundary.  If that is so, rabbits, bushes, dogs, soldiers--the
whole of that romantic and pleasant picture, must be dismissed from
the mind; and we must simply suppose that the Spaniel is called a
spaniel because Spain is called España.  As for the third school of
antiquaries which maintains that just as a lover calls his mistress
monster or monkey, so the Spaniards called their favourite dogs
crooked or cragged (the word españa can be made to take these
meanings) because a spaniel is notoriously the opposite--that is
too fanciful a conjecture to be seriously entertained.

Passing over these theories, and many more which need not detain us
here, we reach Wales in the middle of the tenth century.  The
spaniel is already there, brought, some say, by the Spanish clan of
Ebhor or Ivor many centuries previously; and certainly by the
middle of the tenth century a dog of high repute and value.  "The
Spaniel of the King is a pound in value," Howel Dda laid down in
his Book of Laws.  And when we remember what the pound could buy in
the year A.D. 948--how many wives, slaves, horses, oxen, turkeys
and geese--it is plain that the spaniel was already a dog of value
and reputation.  He had his place already by the King's side.  His
family was held in honour before those of many famous monarchs.  He
was taking his ease in palaces when the Plantagenets and the Tudors
and the Stuarts were following other people's ploughs through other
people's mud.  Long before the Howards, the Cavendishes or the
Russells had risen above the common ruck of Smiths, Joneses and
Tomkins, the Spaniel family was a family distinguished and apart.
And as the centuries took their way, minor branches broke off from
the parent stem.  By degrees, as English history pursues its
course, there came into existence at least seven famous Spaniel
families--the Clumber, the Sussex, the Norfolk, the Black Field,
the Cocker, the Irish Water and the English Water, all deriving
from the original spaniel of prehistoric days but showing distinct
characteristics, and therefore no doubt claiming privileges as
distinct.  That there was an aristocracy of dogs by the time Queen
Elizabeth was on the throne Sir Philip Sidney bears witness:
". . . greyhounds, Spaniels and Hounds," he observes, "whereof the
first might seem the Lords, the second the Gentlemen, and the last
the Yeomen of dogs," he writes in the Arcadia.

But if we are thus led to assume that the Spaniels followed human
example, and looked up to Greyhounds as their superiors and
considered Hounds beneath them, we have to admit that their
aristocracy was founded on better reasons than ours.  Such at least
must be the conclusion of anyone who studies the laws of the
Spaniel Club.  By that august body it is plainly laid down what
constitute the vices of a spaniel, and what constitute its virtues.
Light eyes, for example, are undesirable; curled ears are still
worse; to be born with a light nose or a topknot is nothing less
than fatal.  The merits of the spaniel are equally clearly defined.
His head must be smooth, rising without a too-decided stoop from
the muzzle; the skull must be comparatively rounded and well
developed with plenty of room for brain power; the eyes must be
full but not gozzled; the general expression must be one of
intelligence and gentleness.  The spaniel that exhibits these
points is encouraged and bred from; the spaniel who persists in
perpetuating topknots and light noses is cut off from the
privileges and emoluments of his kind.  Thus the judges lay down
the law and, laying down the law, impose penalties and privileges
which ensure that the law shall be obeyed.

But, if we now turn to human society, what chaos and confusion meet
the eye!  No Club has any such jurisdiction upon the breed of man.
The Heralds College is the nearest approach we have to the Spaniel
Club.  It at least makes some attempt to preserve the purity of the
human family.  But when we ask what constitutes noble birth--should
our eyes be light or dark, our ears curled or straight, are
topknots fatal, our judges merely refer us to our coats of arms.
You have none perhaps.  Then you are nobody.  But once make good
your claim to sixteen quarterings, prove your right to a coronet,
and then you are not only born they say, but nobly born into the
bargain.  Hence it is that not a muffineer in all Mayfair lacks its
lion couchant or its mermaid rampant.  Even our linendrapers mount
the Royal Arms above their doors, as though that were proof that
their sheets are safe to sleep in.  Everywhere rank is claimed and
its virtues are asserted.  Yet when we come to survey the Royal
Houses of Bourbon, Hapsburg and Hohenzollern, decorated with how
many coronets and quarterings, couchant and rampant with how many
lions and leopards, and find them now in exile, deposed from
authority, judged unworthy of respect, we can but shake our heads
and admit that the Judges of the Spaniel Club judged better.  Such
is the lesson that is enforced directly we turn from these high
matters to consider the early life of Flush in the family of the
Mitfords.

About the end of the eighteenth century a family of the famous
spaniel breed was living near Reading in the house of a certain Dr.
Midford or Mitford.  That gentleman, in conformity with the canons
of the Heralds College, chose to spell his name with a t, and thus
claimed descent from the Northumberland family of the Mitfords of
Bertram Castle.  His wife was a Miss Russell, and sprang, if
remotely, still decidedly from the ducal house of Bedford.  But the
mating of Dr. Mitford's ancestors had been carried on with such
wanton disregard for principles that no bench of judges could have
admitted his claim to be well bred or have allowed him to
perpetuate his kind.  His eyes were light; his ears were curled;
his head exhibited the fatal topknot.  In other words, he was
utterly selfish, recklessly extravagant, worldly, insincere and
addicted to gambling.  He wasted his own fortune, his wife's
fortune, and his daughter's earnings.  He deserted them in his
prosperity and sponged upon them in his infirmity.  Two points he
had in his favour indeed, great personal beauty--he was like an
Apollo until gluttony and intemperance changed Apollo into Bacchus--
and he was genuinely devoted to dogs.  But there can be no doubt
that, had there been a Man Club corresponding to the Spaniel Club
in existence, no spelling of Mitford with a t instead of with a d,
no claim to kinship with the Mitfords of Bertram Castle, would have
availed to protect him from contumely and contempt, from all the
penalties of outlawry and ostracism, from being branded as a
mongrel man unfitted to carry on his kind.  But he was a human
being.  Nothing therefore prevented him from marrying a lady of
birth and breeding, from living for over eighty years, from having
in his possession several generations of greyhounds and spaniels
and from begetting a daughter.

All researches have failed to fix with any certainty the exact year
of Flush's birth, let alone the month or the day; but it is likely
that he was born some time early in the year 1842.  It is also
probable that he was directly descended from Tray (c. 1816), whose
points, preserved unfortunately only in the untrustworthy medium of
poetry, prove him to have been a red cocker spaniel of merit.
There is every reason to think that Flush was the son of that "real
old cocking spaniel" for whom Dr. Mitford refused twenty guineas
"on account of his excellence in the field."  It is to poetry,
alas, that we have to trust for our most detailed description of
Flush himself as a young dog.  He was of that particular shade of
dark brown which in sunshine flashes "all over into gold."  His
eyes were "startled eyes of hazel bland."  His ears were
"tasselled"; his "slender feet" were "canopied in fringes" and his
tail was broad.  Making allowance for the exigencies of rhyme and
the inaccuracies of poetic diction, there is nothing here but what
would meet with the approval of the Spaniel Club.  We cannot doubt
that Flush was a pure-bred Cocker of the red variety marked by all
the characteristic excellences of his kind.

The first months of his life were passed at Three Mile Cross, a
working man's cottage near Reading.  Since the Mitfords had fallen
on evil days--Kerenhappock was the only servant--the chair-covers
were made by Miss Mitford herself and of the cheapest material; the
most important article of furniture seems to have been a large
table; the most important room a large greenhouse--it is unlikely
that Flush was surrounded by any of those luxuries, rainproof
kennels, cement walks, a maid or boy attached to his person, that
would now be accorded a dog of his rank.  But he throve; he enjoyed
with all the vivacity of his temperament most of the pleasures and
some of the licences natural to his youth and sex.  Miss Mitford,
it is true, was much confined to the cottage.  She had to read
aloud to her father hour after hour; then to play cribbage; then,
when at last he slumbered, to write and write and write at the
table in the greenhouse in the attempt to pay their bills and
settle their debts.  But at last the longed-for moment would come.
She thrust her papers aside, clapped a hat on her head, took her
umbrella and set off for a walk across the fields with her dogs.
Spaniels are by nature sympathetic; Flush, as his story proves, had
an even excessive appreciation of human emotions.  The sight of his
dear mistress snuffing the fresh air at last, letting it ruffle her
white hair and redden the natural freshness of her face, while the
lines on her huge brow smoothed themselves out, excited him to
gambols whose wildness was half sympathy with her own delight.  As
she strode through the long grass, so he leapt hither and thither,
parting its green curtain.  The cool globes of dew or rain broke in
showers of iridescent spray about his nose; the earth, here hard,
here soft, here hot, here cold, stung, teased and tickled the soft
pads of his feet.  Then what a variety of smells interwoven in
subtlest combination thrilled his nostrils; strong smells of earth,
sweet smells of flowers; nameless smells of leaf and bramble; sour
smells as they crossed the road; pungent smells as they entered
bean-fields.  But suddenly down the wind came tearing a smell
sharper, stronger, more lacerating than any--a smell that ripped
across his brain stirring a thousand instincts, releasing a million
memories--the smell of hare, the smell of fox.  Off he flashed like
a fish drawn in a rush through water further and further.  He
forgot his mistress; he forgot all humankind.  He heard dark men
cry "Span!  Span!"  He heard whips crack.  He raced; he rushed.  At
last he stopped bewildered; the incantation faded; very slowly,
wagging his tail sheepishly, he trotted back across the fields to
where Miss Mitford stood shouting "Flush!  Flush!  Flush!" and
waving her umbrella.  And once at least the call was even more
imperious; the hunting horn roused deeper instincts, summoned
wilder and stronger emotions that transcended memory and
obliterated grass, trees, hare, rabbit, fox in one wild shout of
ecstasy.  Love blazed her torch in his eyes; he heard the hunting
horn of Venus.  Before he was well out of his puppy-hood, Flush was
a father.

Such conduct in a man even, in the year 1842, would have called for
some excuse from a biographer; in a woman no excuse could have
availed; her name must have been blotted in ignominy from the page.
But the moral code of dogs, whether better or worse, is certainly
different from ours, and there was nothing in Flush's conduct in
this respect that requires a veil now, or unfitted him for the
society of the purest and the chastest in the land then.  There is
evidence, that is to say, that the elder brother of Dr. Pusey was
anxious to buy him.  Deducing from the known character of Dr. Pusey
the probable character of his brother, there must have been
something serious, solid, promising well for future excellence
whatever might be the levity of the present in Flush even as a
puppy.  But a much more significant testimony to the attractive
nature of his gifts is that, even though Mr. Pusey wished to buy
him, Miss Mitford refused to sell him.  As she was at her wits' end
for money, scarcely knew indeed what tragedy to spin, what annual
to edit, and was reduced to the repulsive expedient of asking her
friends for help, it must have gone hard with her to refuse the sum
offered by the elder brother of Dr. Pusey.  Twenty pounds had been
offered for Flush's father.  Miss Mitford might well have asked ten
or fifteen for Flush.  Ten or fifteen pounds was a princely sum, a
magnificent sum to have at her disposal.  With ten or fifteen
pounds she might have re-covered her chairs, she might have re-
stocked her greenhouse, she might have bought herself an entire
wardrobe, and "I have not bought a bonnet, a cloak, a gown, hardly
a pair of gloves," she wrote in 1842, "for four years."

But to sell Flush was unthinkable.  He was of the rare order of
objects that cannot be associated with money.  Was he not of the
still rarer kind that, because they typify what is spiritual, what
is beyond price, become a fitting token of the disinterestedness of
friendship; may be offered in that spirit to a friend, if one is so
lucky enough as to have one, who is more like a daughter than a
friend; to a friend who lies secluded all through the summer months
in a back bedroom in Wimpole Street, to a friend who is no other
than England's foremost poetess, the brilliant, the doomed, the
adored Elizabeth Barrett herself?  Such were the thoughts that came
more and more frequently to Miss Mitford as she watched Flush
rolling and scampering in the sunshine; as she sat by the couch of
Miss Barrett in her dark, ivy-shaded London bedroom.  Yes; Flush
was worthy of Miss Barrett; Miss Barrett was worthy of Flush.  The
sacrifice was a great one; but the sacrifice must be made.  Thus,
one day, probably in the early summer of the year 1842, a
remarkable couple might have been seen taking their way down
Wimpole Street--a very short, stout, shabby, elderly lady, with a
bright red face and bright white hair, who led by the chain a very
spirited, very inquisitive, very well-bred golden cocker spaniel
puppy.  They walked almost the whole length of the street until at
last they paused at No. 50.  Not without trepidation, Miss Mitford
rang the bell.

Even now perhaps nobody rings the bell of a house in Wimpole Street
without trepidation.  It is the most august of London streets, the
most impersonal.  Indeed, when the world seems tumbling to ruin,
and civilisation rocks on its foundations, one has only to go to
Wimpole Street; to pace that avenue; to survey those houses; to
consider their uniformity; to marvel at the window curtains and
their consistency; to admire the brass knockers and their
regularity; to observe butchers tendering joints and cooks
receiving them; to reckon the incomes of the inhabitants and infer
their consequent submission to the laws of God and man--one has
only to go to Wimpole Street and drink deep of the peace breathed
by authority in order to heave a sigh of thankfulness that, while
Corinth has fallen and Messina has tumbled, while crowns have blown
down the wind and old Empires have gone up in flames, Wimpole
Street has remained unmoved and, turning from Wimpole Street into
Oxford Street, a prayer rises in the heart and bursts from the lips
that not a brick of Wimpole Street may be re-pointed, not a curtain
washed, not a butcher fail to tender or a cook to receive the
sirloin, the haunch, the breast, the ribs of mutton and beef for
ever and ever, for as long as Wimpole Street remains, civilisation
is secure.

The butlers of Wimpole Street move ponderously even today; in the
summer of 1842 they were more deliberate still.  The laws of livery
were then more stringent; the ritual of the green baize apron for
cleaning silver; of the striped waistcoat and swallow-tail black
coat for opening the hall door, was more closely observed.  It is
likely then that Miss Mitford and Flush were kept waiting at least
three minutes and a half on the door-step.  At last, however, the
door of number fifty was flung wide; Miss Mitford and Flush were
ushered in.  Miss Mitford was a frequent visitor; there was nothing
to surprise, though something to subdue her, in the sight of the
Barrett family mansion.  But the effect upon Flush must have been
overwhelming in the extreme.  Until this moment he had set foot in
no house but the working man's cottage at Three Mile Cross.  The
boards there were bare; the mats were frayed; the chairs were
cheap.  Here there was nothing bare, nothing frayed, nothing cheap--
that Flush could see at a glance.  Mr. Barrett, the owner, was a
rich merchant; he had a large family of grown-up sons and
daughters, and a retinue, proportionately large, of servants.  His
house was furnished in the fashion of the late thirties, with some
tincture, no doubt, of that Eastern fantasy which had led him when
he built a house in Shropshire to adorn it with the domes and
crescents of Moorish architecture.  Here in Wimpole Street such
extravagance would not be allowed; but we may suppose that the high
dark rooms were full of ottomans and carved mahogany; tables were
twisted; filigree ornaments stood upon them; daggers and swords
hung upon wine-dark walls; curious objects brought from his East
Indian property stood in recesses, and thick rich carpets clothed
the floors.

But as Flush trotted up behind Miss Mitford, who was behind the
butler, he was more astonished by what he smelt than by what he
saw.  Up the funnel of the staircase came warm whiffs of joints
roasting, of fowls basting, of soups simmering--ravishing almost as
food itself to nostrils used to the meagre savour of Kerenhappock's
penurious frys and hashes.  Mixing with the smell of food were
further smells--smells of cedarwood and sandalwood and mahogany;
scents of male bodies and female bodies; of men servants and maid
servants; of coats and trousers; of crinolines and mantles; of
curtains of tapestry, of curtains of plush; of coal dust and fog;
of wine and cigars.  Each room as he passed it--dining-room,
drawing-room, library, bedroom--wafted out its own contribution to
the general stew; while, as he set down first one paw and then
another, each was caressed and retained by the sensuality of rich
pile carpets closing amorously over it.  At length they reached a
closed door at the back of the house.  A gentle tap was given;
gently the door was opened.

Miss Barrett's bedroom--for such it was--must by all accounts have
been dark.  The light, normally obscured by a curtain of green
damask, was in summer further dimmed by the ivy, the scarlet
runners, the convolvuluses and the nasturtiums which grew in the
window-box.  At first Flush could distinguish nothing in the pale
greenish gloom but five white globes glimmering mysteriously in
mid-air.  But again it was the smell of the room that overpowered
him.  Only a scholar who has descended step by step into a
mausoleum and there finds himself in a crypt, crusted with fungus,
slimy with mould, exuding sour smells of decay and antiquity, while
half-obliterated marble busts gleam in mid-air and all is dimly
seen by the light of the small swinging lamp which he holds, and
dips and turns, glancing now here, now there--only the sensations
of such an explorer into the buried vaults of a ruined city can
compare with the riot of emotions that flooded Flush's nerves as he
stood for the first time in an invalid's bedroom, in Wimpole
Street, and smelt eau de cologne.

Very slowly, very dimly, with much sniffing and pawing, Flush by
degrees distinguished the outlines of several articles of
furniture.  That huge object by the window was perhaps a wardrobe.
Next to it stood, conceivably, a chest of drawers.  In the middle
of the room swam up to the surface what seemed to be a table with a
ring round it; and then the vague amorphous shapes of armchair and
table emerged.  But everything was disguised.  On top of the
wardrobe stood three white busts; the chest of drawers was
surmounted by a bookcase; the bookcase was pasted over with crimson
merino; the washing-table had a coronal of shelves upon it; on top
of the shelves that were on top of the washing-table stood two more
busts.  Nothing in the room was itself; everything was something
else.  Even the window-blind was not a simple muslin blind; it was
a painted fabric [1] with a design of castles and gateways and
groves of trees, and there were several peasants taking a walk.
Looking-glasses further distorted these already distorted objects
so that there seemed to be ten busts of ten poets instead of five;
four tables instead of two.  And suddenly there was a more
terrifying confusion still.  Suddenly Flush saw staring back at him
from a hole in the wall another dog with bright eyes flashing, and
tongue lolling!  He paused amazed.  He advanced in awe.

Thus advancing, thus withdrawing, Flush scarcely heard, save as the
distant drone of wind among the tree-tops, the murmur and patter of
voices talking.  He pursued his investigations, cautiously,
nervously, as an explorer in a forest softly advances his foot,
uncertain whether that shadow is a lion, or that root a cobra.  At
last, however, he was aware of huge objects in commotion over him;
and, unstrung as he was by the experiences of the past hour, he hid
himself, trembling, behind a screen.  The voices ceased.  A door
shut.  For one instant he paused, bewildered, unstrung.  Then with
a pounce as of clawed tigers memory fell upon him.  He felt himself
alone--deserted.  He rushed to the door.  It was shut.  He pawed,
he listened.  He heard footsteps descending.  He knew them for the
familiar footsteps of his mistress.  They stopped.  But no--on they
went, down they went.  Miss Mitford was slowly, was heavily, was
reluctantly descending the stairs.  And as she went, as he heard
her footsteps fade, panic seized upon him.  Door after door shut in
his face as Miss Mitford went downstairs; they shut on freedom; on
fields; on hares; on grass; on his adored, his venerated mistress--
on the dear old woman who had washed him and beaten him and fed him
from her own plate when she had none too much to eat herself--on
all he had known of happiness and love and human goodness!  There!
The front door slammed.  He was alone.  She had deserted him.

Then such a wave of despair and anguish overwhelmed him, the
irrevocableness and implacability of fate so smote him, that he
lifted up his head and howled aloud.  A voice said "Flush."  He did
not hear it.  "Flush," it repeated a second time.  He started.  He
had thought himself alone.  He turned.  Was there something alive
in the room with him?  Was there something on the sofa?  In the
wild hope that this being, whatever it was, might open the door,
that he might still rush after Miss Mitford and find her--that this
was some game of hide-and-seek such as they used to play in the
greenhouse at home--Flush darted to the sofa.

"Oh, Flush!" said Miss Barrett.  For the first time she looked him
in the face.  For the first time Flush looked at the lady lying on
the sofa.

Each was surprised.  Heavy curls hung down on either side of Miss
Barrett's face; large bright eyes shone out; a large mouth smiled.
Heavy ears hung down on either side of Flush's face; his eyes, too,
were large and bright: his mouth was wide.  There was a likeness
between them.  As they gazed at each other each felt:  Here am I--
and then each felt:  But how different!  Hers was the pale worn
face of an invalid, cut off from air, light, freedom.  His was the
warm ruddy face of a young animal; instinct with health and energy.
Broken asunder, yet made in the same mould, could it be that each
completed what was dormant in the other?  She might have been--all
that; and he--But no.  Between them lay the widest gulf that can
separate one being from another.  She spoke.  He was dumb.  She was
woman; he was dog.  Thus closely united, thus immensely divided,
they gazed at each other.  Then with one bound Flush sprang on to
the sofa and laid himself where he was to lie for ever after--on
the rug at Miss Barrett's feet.



CHAPTER TWO

The Back Bedroom


The summer of 1842 was, historians tell us, not much different from
other summers, yet to Flush it was so different that he must have
doubted if the world itself were the same.  It was a summer spent
in a bedroom; a summer spent with Miss Barrett.  It was a summer
spent in London, spent in the heart of civilisation.  At first he
saw nothing but the bedroom and its furniture, but that alone was
surprising enough.  To identify, distinguish and call by their
right names all the different articles he saw there was confusing
enough.  And he had scarcely accustomed himself to the tables, to
the busts, to the washing-stands--the smell of eau de cologne still
lacerated his nostrils, when there came one of those rare days
which are fine but not windy, warm but not baking, dry but not
dusty, when an invalid can take the air.  The day came when Miss
Barrett could safely risk the huge adventure of going shopping with
her sister.

The carriage was ordered; Miss Barrett rose from her sofa; veiled
and muffled, she descended the stairs.  Flush of course went with
her.  He leapt into the carriage by her side.  Couched on her lap,
the whole pomp of London at its most splendid burst on his
astonished eyes.  They drove along Oxford Street.  He saw houses
made almost entirely of glass.  He saw windows laced across with
glittering streamers; heaped with gleaming mounds of pink, purple,
yellow, rose.  The carriage stopped.  He entered mysterious arcades
filmed with clouds and webs of tinted gauze.  A million airs from
China, from Arabia, wafted their frail incense into the remotest
fibres of his senses.  Swiftly over the counters flashed yards of
gleaming silk; more darkly, more slowly rolled the ponderous
bombazine.  Scissors snipped; coins sparkled.  Paper was folded;
string tied.  What with nodding plumes, waving streamers, tossing
horses, yellow liveries, passing faces, leaping, dancing up, down,
Flush, satiated with the multiplicity of his sensations, slept,
drowsed, dreamt and knew no more until he was lifted out of the
carriage and the door of Wimpole Street shut on him again.

And next day, as the fine weather continued, Miss Barrett ventured
upon an even more daring exploit--she had herself drawn up Wimpole
Street in a bath-chair.  Again Flush went with her.  For the first
time he heard his nails click upon the hard paving-stones of
London.  For the first time the whole battery of a London street on
a hot summer's day assaulted his nostrils.  He smelt the swooning
smells that lie in the gutters; the bitter smells that corrode iron
railings; the fuming, heady smells that rise from basements--smells
more complex, corrupt, violently contrasted and compounded than any
he had smelt in the fields near Reading; smells that lay far beyond
the range of the human nose; so that while the chair went on, he
stopped, amazed; smelling, savouring, until a jerk at his collar
dragged him on.  And also, as he trotted up Wimpole Street behind
Miss Barrett's chair he was dazed by the passage of human bodies.
Petticoats swished at his head; trousers brushed his flanks;
sometimes a wheel whizzed an inch from his nose; the wind of
destruction roared in his ears and fanned the feathers of his paws
as a van passed.  Then he plunged in terror.  Mercifully the chain
tugged at his collar; Miss Barrett held him tight, or he would have
rushed to destruction.

At last, with every nerve throbbing and every sense singing, he
reached Regent's Park.  And then when he saw once more, after years
of absence it seemed, grass, flowers and trees, the old hunting cry
of the fields hallooed in his ears and he dashed forward to run as
he had run in the fields at home.  But now a heavy weight jerked at
his throat; he was thrown back on his haunches.  Were there not
trees and grass? he asked.  Were these not the signals of freedom?
Had he not always leapt forward directly Miss Mitford started on
her walk?  Why was he a prisoner here?  He paused.  Here, he
observed, the flowers were massed far more thickly than at home;
they stood, plant by plant, rigidly in narrow plots.  The plots
were intersected by hard black paths.  Men in shiny top-hats
marched ominously up and down the paths.  At the sight of them he
shuddered closer to the chair.  He gladly accepted the protection
of the chain.  Thus before many of these walks were over a new
conception had entered his brain.  Setting one thing beside
another, he had arrived at a conclusion.  Where there are flower-
beds there are asphalt paths; where there are flower-beds and
asphalt paths, there are men in shiny top-hats; where there are
flower-beds and asphalt paths and men in shiny top-hats, dogs must
be led on chains.  Without being able to decipher a word of the
placard at the Gate, he had learnt his lesson--in Regent's Park
dogs must be led on chains.

And to this nucleus of knowledge, born from the strange experiences
of the summer of 1842, soon adhered another: dogs are not equal,
but different.  At Three Mile Cross Flush had mixed impartially
with tap-room dogs and the Squire's greyhounds; he had known no
difference between the tinker's dog and himself.  Indeed it is
probable that the mother of his child, though by courtesy called
Spaniel, was nothing but a mongrel, eared in one way, tailed in
another.  But the dogs of London, Flush soon discovered, are
strictly divided into different classes.  Some are chained dogs;
some run wild.  Some take their airings in carriages and drink from
purple jars; others are unkempt and uncollared and pick up a living
in the gutter.  Dogs therefore, Flush began to suspect, differ;
some are high, others low; and his suspicions were confirmed by
snatches of talk held in passing with the dogs of Wimpole Street.
"See that scallywag?  A mere mongrel! . . .  By gad, that's a fine
Spaniel.  One of the best blood in Britain! . . .  Pity his ears
aren't a shade more curly. . . .  There's a topknot for you!"

From such phrases, from the accent of praise or derision in which
they were spoken, at the pillar-box or outside the public-house
where the footmen were exchanging racing tips, Flush knew before
the summer had passed that there is no equality among dogs: there
are high dogs and low dogs.  Which, then, was he?  No sooner had
Flush got home than he examined himself carefully in the looking-
glass.  Heaven be praised, he was a dog of birth and breeding!  His
head was smooth; his eyes were prominent but not gozzled; his feet
were feathered; he was the equal of the best-bred cocker in Wimpole
Street.  He noted with approval the purple jar from which he drank--
such are the privileges of rank; he bent his head quietly to have
the chain fixed to his collar--such are its penalties.  When about
this time Miss Barrett observed him staring in the glass, she was
mistaken.  He was a philosopher, she thought, meditating the
difference between appearance and reality.  On the contrary, he was
an aristocrat considering his points.

But the fine summer days were soon over; the autumn winds began to
blow; and Miss Barrett settled down to a life of complete seclusion
in her bedroom.  Flush's life was also changed.  His outdoor
education was supplemented by that of the bed-room, and this, to a
dog of Flush's temperament, was the most drastic that could have
been invented.  His only airings, and these were brief and
perfunctory, were taken in the company of Wilson, Miss Barrett's
maid.  For the rest of the day he kept his station on the sofa at
Miss Barrett's feet.  All his natural instincts were thwarted and
contradicted.  When the autumn winds had blown last year in
Berkshire he had run in wild scampering across the stubble; now at
the sound of the ivy tapping on the pane Miss Barrett asked Wilson
to see to the fastenings of the window.  When the leaves of the
scarlet runners and nasturtiums in the window-box yellowed and fell
she drew her Indian shawl more closely round her.  When the October
rain lashed the window Wilson lit the fire and heaped up the coals.
Autumn deepened into winter and the first fogs jaundiced the air.
Wilson and Flush could scarcely grope their way to the pillar-box
or to the chemist.  When they came back, nothing could be seen in
the room but the pale busts glimmering wanly on the tops of the
wardrobes; the peasants and the castle had vanished on the blind;
blank yellow filled the pane.  Flush felt that he and Miss Barrett
lived alone together in a cushioned and fire-lit cave.  The traffic
droned on perpetually outside with muffled reverberations; now and
again a voice went calling hoarsely, "Old chairs and baskets to
mend," down the street: sometimes there was a jangle of organ
music, coming nearer and louder; going further and fading away.
But none of these sounds meant freedom, or action, or exercise.
The wind and the rain, the wild days of autumn and the cold days of
mid-winter, all alike meant nothing to Flush except warmth and
stillness; the lighting of lamps, the drawing of curtains and the
poking of the fire.

At first the strain was too great to be borne.  He could not help
dancing round the room on a windy autumn day when the partridges
must be scattering over the stubble.  He thought he heard guns on
the breeze.  He could not help running to the door with his hackles
raised when a dog barked outside.  And yet when Miss Barrett called
him back, when she laid her hand on his collar, he could not deny
that another feeling, urgent, contradictory, disagreeable--he did
not know what to call it or why he obeyed it--restrained him.  He
lay still at her feet.  To resign, to control, to suppress the most
violent instincts of his nature--that was the prime lesson of the
bedroom school, and it was one of such portentous difficulty that
many scholars have learnt Greek with less--many battles have been
won that cost their generals not half such pain.  But then, Miss
Barrett was the teacher.  Between them, Flush felt more and more
strongly, as the weeks wore on, was a bond, an uncomfortable yet
thrilling tightness; so that if his pleasure was her pain, then his
pleasure was pleasure no longer but three parts pain.  The truth of
this was proved every day.  Somebody opened the door and whistled
him to come.  Why should he not go out?  He longed for air and
exercise; his limbs were cramped with lying on the sofa.  He had
never grown altogether used to the smell of eau de cologne.  But
no--though the door stood open, he would not leave Miss Barrett.
He hesitated halfway to the door and then went back to the sofa.
"Flushie," wrote Miss Barrett, "is my friend--my companion--and
loves me better than he loves the sunshine without."  She could not
go out.  She was chained to the sofa.  "A bird in a cage would have
as good a story," she wrote, as she had.  And Flush, to whom the
whole world was free, chose to forfeit all the smells of Wimpole
Street in order to lie by her side.

And yet sometimes the tie would almost break; there were vast gaps
in their understanding.  Sometimes they would lie and stare at each
other in blank bewilderment.  Why, Miss Barrett wondered, did Flush
tremble suddenly, and whimper and start and listen?  She could hear
nothing; she could see nothing; there was nobody in the room with
them.  She could not guess that Folly, her sister's little King
Charles, had passed the door; or that Catiline, the Cuba
bloodhound, had been given a mutton-bone by a footman in the
basement.  But Flush knew; he heard; he was ravaged by the
alternate rages of lust and greed.  Then with all her poet's
imagination Miss Barrett could not divine what Wilson's wet
umbrella meant to Flush; what memories it recalled, of forests and
parrots and wild trumpeting elephants; nor did she know, when Mr.
Kenyon stumbled over the bell-pull, that Flush heard dark men
cursing in the mountains; the cry, "Span!  Span!" rang in his ears,
and it was in some muffled, ancestral rage that he bit him.

Flush was equally at a loss to account for Miss Barrett's emotions.
There she would lie hour after hour passing her hand over a white
page with a black stick; and her eyes would suddenly fill with
tears; but why?  "Ah, my dear Mr. Horne," she was writing.  "And
then came the failure in my health . . . and then the enforced
exile to Torquay . . . which gave a nightmare to my life for ever,
and robbed it of more than I can speak of here; do not speak of
that anywhere.  DO NOT SPEAK OF THAT, dear Mr. Horne."  But there
was no sound in the room, no smell to make Miss Barrett cry.  Then
again Miss Barrett, still agitating her stick, burst out laughing.
She had drawn "a very neat and characteristic portrait of Flush,
humorously made rather like myself," and she had written under it
that it "only fails of being an excellent substitute for mine
through being more worthy than I can be counted."  What was there
to laugh at in the black smudge that she held out for Flush to look
at?  He could smell nothing; he could hear nothing.  There was
nobody in the room with them.  The fact was that they could not
communicate with words, and it was a fact that led undoubtedly to
much misunderstanding.  Yet did it not lead also to a peculiar
intimacy?  "Writing,"--Miss Barrett once exclaimed after a
morning's toil, "writing, writing . . ."  After all, she may have
thought, do words say everything?  Can words say anything?  Do not
words destroy the symbol that lies beyond the reach of words?  Once
at least Miss Barrett seems to have found it so.  She was lying,
thinking; she had forgotten Flush altogether, and her thoughts were
so sad that the tears fell upon the pillow.  Then suddenly a hairy
head was pressed against her; large bright eyes shone in hers; and
she started.  Was it Flush, or was it Pan?  Was she no longer an
invalid in Wimpole Street, but a Greek nymph in some dim grove in
Arcady?  And did the bearded god himself press his lips to hers?
For a moment she was transformed; she was a nymph and Flush was
Pan.  The sun burnt and love blazed.  But suppose Flush had been
able to speak--would he not have said something sensible about the
potato disease in Ireland?

So, too, Flush felt strange stirrings at work within him.  When he
saw Miss Barrett's thin hands delicately lifting some silver box or
pearl ornament from the ringed table, his own furry paws seemed to
contract and he longed that they should fine themselves to ten
separate fingers.  When he heard her low voice syllabling
innumerable sounds, he longed for the day when his own rough roar
would issue like hers in the little simple sounds that had such
mysterious meaning.  And when he watched the same fingers for ever
crossing a white page with a straight stick, he longed for the time
when he too should blacken paper as she did.

And yet, had he been able to write as she did?--The question is
superfluous happily, for truth compels us to say that in the year
1842-43 Miss Barrett was not a nymph but an invalid; Flush was not
a poet but a red cocker spaniel; and Wimpole Street was not Arcady
but Wimpole Street.

So the long hours went by in the back bedroom with nothing to mark
them but the sound of steps passing on the stairs; and the distant
sound of the front door shutting, and the sound of a broom tapping,
and the sound of the postman knocking.  In the room coals clicked;
the lights and shadows shifted themselves over the brows of the
five pale busts, over the bookcase and its red merino.  But
sometimes the step on the stair did not pass the door; it stopped
outside.  The handle was seen to spin round; the door actually
opened; somebody came in.  Then how strangely the furniture changed
its look!  What extraordinary eddies of sound and smell were at
once set in circulation!  How they washed round the legs of tables
and impinged on the sharp edges of the wardrobe!  Probably it was
Wilson, with a tray of food or a glass of medicine; or it might be
one of Miss Barrett's two sisters--Arabel or Henrietta; or it might
be one of Miss Barrett's seven brothers--Charles, Samuel, George,
Henry, Alfred, Septimus or Octavius.  But once or twice a week
Flush was aware that something more important was about to happen.
The bed would be carefully disguised as a sofa.  The armchair would
be drawn up beside it; Miss Barrett herself would be wrapped
becomingly in Indian shawls; the toilet things would be
scrupulously hidden under the busts of Chaucer and Homer; Flush
himself would be combed and brushed.  At about two or three in the
afternoon there was a peculiar, distinct and different tap at the
door.  Miss Barrett flushed, smiled and stretched out her hand.
Then in would come--perhaps dear Miss Mitford, rosy and shiny and
chattering, with a bunch of geraniums.  Or it might be Mr. Kenyon,
a stout, well-groomed elderly gentleman, radiating benevolence,
provided with a book.  Or it might be Mrs. Jameson, a lady who was
the very opposite of Mr. Kenyon to look at--a lady with "a very
light complexion--pale, lucid, eyes; thin colourless lips . . . a
nose and chin projective without breadth."  Each had his or her own
manner, smell, tone and accent.  Miss Mitford burbled and
chattered, was fly-away yet substantial; Mr. Kenyon was urbane and
cultured and mumbled slightly because he had lost two front teeth;
[2] Mrs. Jameson had lost none of her teeth, and moved as sharply
and precisely as she spoke.

Lying couched at Miss Barrett's feet, Flush let the voices ripple
over him, hour by hour.  On and on they went.  Miss Barrett
laughed, expostulated, exclaimed, sighed too, and laughed again.
At last, greatly to Flush's relief, little silences came--even in
the flow of Miss Mitford's conversation.  Could it be seven
already?  She had been there since midday!  She must really run to
catch her train.  Mr. Kenyon shut his book--he had been reading
aloud--and stood with his back to the fire; Mrs. Jameson with a
sharp, angular movement pressed each finger of her glove sharp
down.  And Flush was patted by this one and had his ear pulled by
another.  The routine of leave-taking was intolerably prolonged;
but at last Mrs. Jameson, Mr. Kenyon, and even Miss Mitford had
risen, had said good-bye, had remembered something, had lost
something, had found something, had reached the door, had opened
it, and were--Heaven be praised--gone at last.

Miss Barrett sank back very white, very tired on her pillows.
Flush crept closer to her.  Mercifully they were alone again.  But
the visitor had stayed so long that it was almost dinner-time.
Smells began to rise from the basement.  Wilson was at the door
with Miss Barrett's dinner on a tray.  It was set down on the table
beside her and the covers lifted.  But what with the dressing and
the talking, what with the heat of the room and the agitation of
the farewells, Miss Barrett was too tired to eat.  She gave a
little sigh when she saw the plump mutton chop, or the wing of
partridge or chicken that had been sent up for her dinner.  So long
as Wilson was in the room she fiddled about with her knife and
fork.  But directly the door was shut and they were alone, she made
a sign.  She held up her fork.  A whole chicken's wing was impaled
upon it.  Flush advanced.  Miss Barrett nodded.  Very gently, very
cleverly, without spilling a crumb, Flush removed the wing;
swallowed it down and left no trace behind.  Half a rice pudding
clotted with thick cream went the same way.  Nothing could have
been neater, more effective than Flush's co-operation.  He was
lying couched as usual at Miss Barrett's feet, apparently asleep,
Miss Barrett was lying rested and restored, apparently having made
an excellent dinner, when once more a step that was heavier, more
deliberate and firmer than any other, stopped on the stair;
solemnly a knock sounded that was no tap of enquiry but a demand
for admittance; the door opened and in came the blackest, the most
formidable of elderly men--Mr. Barrett himself.  His eye at once
sought the tray.  Had the meal been eaten?  Had his commands been
obeyed?  Yes, the plates were empty.  Signifying his approval of
his daughter's obedience, Mr. Barrett lowered himself heavily into
the chair by her side.  As that dark body approached him, shivers
of terror and horror ran down Flush's spine.  So a savage couched
in flowers shudders when the thunder growls and he hears the voice
of God.  Then Wilson whistled; and Flush, slinking guiltily, as if
Mr. Barrett could read his thoughts and those thoughts were evil,
crept out of the room and rushed downstairs.  A force had entered
the bedroom which he dreaded; a force that he was powerless to
withstand.  Once he burst in unexpectedly.  Mr. Barrett was on his
knees praying by his daughter's side.



CHAPTER THREE

The Hooded Man


Such an education as this, in the back bedroom at Wimpole Street,
would have told upon an ordinary dog.  And Flush was not an
ordinary dog.  He was high-spirited, yet reflective; canine, but
highly sensitive to human emotions also.  Upon such a dog the
atmosphere of the bedroom told with peculiar force.  We cannot
blame him if his sensibility was cultivated rather to the detriment
of his sterner qualities.  Naturally, lying with his head pillowed
on a Greek lexicon, he came to dislike barking and biting; he came
to prefer the silence of the cat to the robustness of the dog; and
human sympathy to either.  Miss Barrett, too, did her best to
refine and educate his powers still further.  Once she took a harp
from the window and asked him, as she laid it by his side, whether
he thought that the harp, which made music, was itself alive?  He
looked and listened; pondered, it seemed, for a moment in doubt and
then decided that it was not.  Then she would make him stand with
her in front of the looking-glass and ask him why he barked and
trembled.  Was not the little brown dog opposite himself?  But what
is "oneself"?  Is it the thing people see?  Or is it the thing one
is?  So Flush pondered that question too, and, unable to solve the
problem of reality, pressed closer to Miss Barrett and kissed her
"expressively."  THAT was real at any rate.

Fresh from such problems, with such emotional dilemmas agitating
his nervous system, he went downstairs, and we cannot be surprised
if there was something--a touch of the supercilious, of the
superior--in his bearing that roused the rage of Catiline, the
savage Cuba bloodhound, so that he set upon him and bit him and
sent him howling upstairs to Miss Barrett for sympathy.  Flush "is
no hero," she concluded; but why was he no hero?  Was it not partly
on her account?  She was too just not to realize that it was for
her that he had sacrificed his courage, as it was for her that he
had sacrificed the sun and the air.  This nervous sensibility had
its drawbacks, no doubt--she was full of apologies when he flew at
Mr. Kenyon and bit him for stumbling over the bell-pull; it was
annoying when he moaned piteously all night because he was not
allowed to sleep on her bed--when he refused to eat unless she fed
him; but she took the blame and bore the inconvenience because,
after all, Flush loved her.  He had refused the air and the sun for
her sake.  "He is worth loving, is he not?" she asked of Mr. Horne.
And whatever answer Mr. Horne might give, Miss Barrett was positive
of her own.  She loved Flush, and Flush was worthy of her love.

It seemed as if nothing were to break that tie--as if the years
were merely to compact and cement it; and as if those years were to
be all the years of their natural lives.  Eighteen-forty-two turned
into eighteen-forty-three; eighteen-forty-three into eighteen-
forty-four; eighteen-forty-four into eighteen-forty-five.  Flush
was no longer a puppy; he was a dog of four or five; he was a dog
in the full prime of life--and still Miss Barrett lay on her sofa
in Wimpole Street and still Flush lay on the sofa at her feet.
Miss Barrett's life was the life of "a bird in its cage."  She
sometimes kept the house for weeks at a time, and when she left it,
it was only for an hour or two, to drive to a shop in a carriage,
or to be wheeled to Regent's Park in a bath-chair.  The Barretts
never left London.  Mr. Barrett, the seven brothers, the two
sisters, the butler, Wilson and the maids, Catiline, Folly, Miss
Barrett and Flush all went on living at 50 Wimpole Street, eating
in the dining-room, sleeping in the bedrooms, smoking in the study,
cooking in the kitchen, carrying hot-water cans and emptying the
slops from January to December.  The chair-covers became slightly
soiled; the carpets slightly worn; coal dust, mud, soot, fog,
vapours of cigar smoke and wine and meat accumulated in crevices,
in cracks, in fabrics, on the tops of picture-frames, in the
scrolls of carvings.  And the ivy that hung over Miss Barrett's
bedroom window flourished; its green curtain became thicker and
thicker, and in summer the nasturtiums and the scarlet runners
rioted together in the window-box.

But one night early in January 1845 the postman knocked.  Letters
fell into the box as usual.  Wilson went downstairs to fetch the
letters as usual.  Everything was as usual--every night the postman
knocked, every night Wilson fetched the letters, every night there
was a letter for Miss Barrett.  But tonight the letter was not the
same letter; it was a different letter.  Flush saw that, even
before the envelope was broken.  He knew it from the way that Miss
Barrett took it; turned it; looked at the vigorous, jagged writing
of her name.  He knew it from the indescribable tremor in her
fingers, from the impetuosity with which they tore the flap open,
from the absorption with which she read.  He watched her read.  And
as she read he heard, as when we are half asleep we hear through
the clamour of the street some bell ringing and know that it is
addressed to us, alarmingly yet faintly, as if someone far away
were trying to rouse us with the warning of fire, or burglary, or
some menace against our peace and we start in alarm before we wake--
so Flush, as Miss Barrett read the little blotted sheet, heard a
bell rousing him from his sleep; warning him of some danger
menacing his safety and bidding him sleep no more.  Miss Barrett
read the letter quickly; she read the letter slowly; she returned
it carefully to its envelope.  She too slept no more.

Again, a few nights later, there was the same letter on Wilson's
tray.  Again it was read quickly, read slowly, read over and over
again.  Then it was put away carefully, not in the drawer with the
voluminous sheets of Miss Mitford's letters, but by itself.  Now
Flush paid the full price of long years of accumulated sensibility
lying couched on cushions at Miss Barrett's feet.  He could read
signs that nobody else could even see.  He could tell by the touch
of Miss Barrett's fingers that she was waiting for one thing only--
for the postman's knock, for the letter on the tray.  She would be
stroking him perhaps with a light, regular movement; suddenly--
there was the rap--her fingers constricted; he would be held in a
vice while Wilson came upstairs.  Then she took the letter and he
was loosed and forgotten.

Yet, he argued, what was there to be afraid of, so long as there
was no change in Miss Barrett's life?  And there was no change.  No
new visitors came.  Mr. Kenyon came as usual; Miss Mitford came as
usual.  The brothers and sisters came; and in the evening Mr.
Barrett came.  They noticed nothing; they suspected nothing.  So he
would quieten himself and try to believe, when a few nights passed
without the envelope, that the enemy had gone.  A man in a cloak,
he imagined, a cowled and hooded figure, had passed, like a
burglar, rattling the door, and finding it guarded, had slunk away
defeated.  The danger, Flush tried to make himself believe, was
over.  The man had gone.  And then the letter came again.

As the envelopes came more and more regularly, night after night,
Flush began to notice signs of change in Miss Barrett herself.  For
the first time in Flush's experience she was irritable and
restless.  She could not read and she could not write.  She stood
at the window and looked out.  She questioned Wilson anxiously
about the weather--was the wind still in the east?  Was there any
sign of spring in the Park yet?  Oh no, Wilson replied; the wind
was a cruel east wind still.  And Miss Barrett, Flush felt, was at
once relieved and annoyed.  She coughed.  She complained of feeling
ill--but not so ill as she usually felt when the wind was in the
east.  And then, when she was alone, she read over again last
night's letter.  It was the longest she had yet had.  There were
many pages, closely covered, darkly blotted, scattered with strange
little abrupt hieroglyphics.  So much Flush could see, from his
station at her feet.  But he could make no sense of the words that
Miss Barrett was murmuring to herself.  Only he could trace her
agitation when she came to the end of the page and read aloud
(though unintelligibly), "Do you think I shall see you in two
months, three months?"

Then she took up her pen and passed it rapidly and nervously over
sheet after sheet.  But what did they mean--the little words that
Miss Barrett wrote?  "April is coming.  There will be both a May
and a June if we live to see such things, and perhaps, after all,
we may . . . I will indeed see you when the warm weather has
revived me a little. . . .  But I shall be afraid of you at first--
though I am not, in writing thus.  You are Paracelsus, and I am a
recluse, with nerves that have been broken on the rack, and now
hang loosely, quivering at a step and breath."

Flush could not read what she was writing an inch or two above his
head.  But he knew just as well as if he could read every word, how
strangely his mistress was agitated as she wrote; what contrary
desires shook her--that April might come; that April might not
come; that she might see this unknown man at once, that she might
never see him at all.  Flush, too, quivered as she did at a step,
at a breath.  And remorselessly the days went on.  The wind blew
out the blind.  The sun whitened the busts.  A bird sang in the
mews.  Men went crying fresh flowers to sell down Wimpole Street.
All these sounds meant, he knew, that April was coming and May and
June--nothing could stop the approach of that dreadful spring.  For
what was coming with the spring?  Some terror--some horror--
something that Miss Barrett dreaded, and that Flush dreaded too.
He started now at the sound of a step.  But it was only Henrietta.
Then there was a knock.  It was only Mr. Kenyon.  So April passed;
and the first twenty days of May.  And then, on the 21st of May,
Flush knew that the day itself had come.  For on Tuesday, the 21st
of May, Miss Barrett looked searchingly in the glass; arrayed
herself exquisitely in her Indian shawls; bade Wilson draw the
armchair close, but not too close; touched this, that and the
other; and then sat upright among her pillows.  Flush couched
himself taut at her feet.  They waited, alone together.  At last,
Marylebone Church clock struck two; they waited.  Then Marylebone
Church clock struck a single stroke--it was half-past two; and as
the single stroke died away, a rap sounded boldly on the front
door.  Miss Barrett turned pale; she lay very still.  Flush lay
still too.  Upstairs came the dreaded, the inexorable footfall;
upstairs, Flush knew, came the cowled and sinister figure of
midnight--the hooded man.  Now his hand was on the door.  The
handle spun.  There he stood.

"Mr. Browning," said Wilson.

Flush, watching Miss Barrett, saw the colour rush into her face;
saw her eyes brighten and her lips open.

"Mr. Browning!" she exclaimed.

Twisting his yellow gloves [3] in his hands, blinking his eyes,
well groomed, masterly, abrupt, Mr. Browning strode across the
room.  He seized Miss Barrett's hand, and sank into the chair by
the sofa at her side.  Instantly they began to talk.

What was horrible to Flush, as they talked, was his loneliness.
Once he had felt that he and Miss Barrett were together, in a
firelit cave.  Now the cave was no longer firelit; it was dark and
damp; Miss Barrett was outside.  He looked round him.  Everything
had changed.  The bookcase, the five busts--they were no longer
friendly deities presiding approvingly--they were alien, severe.
He shifted his position at Miss Barrett's feet.  She took no
notice.  He whined.  They did not hear him.  At last he lay still
in tense and silent agony.  The talk went on; but it did not flow
and ripple as talk usually flowed and rippled.  It leapt and
jerked.  It stopped and leapt again.  Flush had never heard that
sound in Miss Barrett's voice before--that vigour, that excitement.
Her cheeks were bright as he had never seen them bright; her great
eyes blazed as he had never seen them blaze.  The clock struck
four; and still they talked.  Then it struck half-past four.  At
that Mr. Browning jumped up.  A horrid decision, a dreadful
boldness marked every movement.  In another moment he had wrung
Miss Barrett's hand in his; he had taken his hat and gloves; he had
said good-bye.  They heard him running down the stairs.  Smartly
the door banged behind him.  He was gone.

But Miss Barrett did not sink back in her pillows as she sank back
when Mr. Kenyon or Miss Mitford left her.  Now she still sat
upright; her eyes still burnt; her cheeks still glowed; she seemed
still to feel that Mr. Browning was with her.  Flush touched her.
She recalled him with a start.  She patted him lightly, joyfully,
on the head.  And smiling, she gave him the oddest look--as if she
wished that he could talk--as if she expected him too to feel what
she felt.  And then she laughed, pityingly; as if it were absurd--
Flush, poor Flush could feel nothing of what she felt.  He could
know nothing of what she knew.  Never had such wastes of dismal
distance separated them.  He lay there ignored; he might not have
been there, he felt.  She no longer remembered his existence.

And that night she ate her chicken to the bone.  Not a scrap of
potato or of skin was thrown to Flush.  When Mr. Barrett came as
usual, Flush marvelled at his obtuseness.  He sat himself down in
the very chair that the man had sat in.  His head pressed the same
cushions that the man's had pressed, and yet he noticed nothing.
"Don't you know," Flush marvelled, "who's been sitting in that
chair?  Can't you smell him?"  For to Flush the whole room still
reeked of Mr. Browning's presence.  The air dashed past the
bookcase, and eddied and curled round the heads of the five pale
busts.  But the heavy man sat by his daughter in entire self-
absorption.  He noticed nothing.  He suspected nothing.  Aghast at
his obtuseness, Flush slipped past him out of the room.

But in spite of their astonishing blindness, even Miss Barrett's
family began to notice, as the weeks passed, a change in Miss
Barrett.  She left her room and went down to sit in the drawing-
room.  Then she did what she had not done for many a long day--she
actually walked on her own feet as far as the gate at Devonshire
Place with her sister.  Her friends, her family, were amazed at her
improvement.  But only Flush knew where her strength came from--it
came from the dark man in the armchair.  He came again and again
and again.  First it was once a week; then it was twice a week.  He
came always in the afternoon and left in the afternoon.  Miss
Barrett always saw him alone.  And on the days when he did not
come, his letters came.  And when he himself was gone, his flowers
were there.  And in the mornings when she was alone, Miss Barrett
wrote to him.  That dark, taut, abrupt, vigorous man, with his
black hair, his red cheeks and his yellow gloves, was everywhere.
Naturally, Miss Barrett was better; of course she could walk.
Flush himself felt that it was impossible to lie still.  Old
longings revived; a new restlessness possessed him.  Even his sleep
was full of dreams.  He dreamt as he had not dreamt since the old
days at Three Mile Cross--of hares starting from the long grass; of
pheasants rocketing up with long tails streaming, of partridges
rising with a whirr from the stubble.  He dreamt that he was
hunting, that he was chasing some spotted spaniel, who fled, who
escaped him.  He was in Spain; he was in Wales; he was in
Berkshire; he was flying before park-keepers' truncheons in
Regent's Park.  Then he opened his eyes.  There were no hares, and
no partridges; no whips cracking and no black men crying "Span!
Span!"  There was only Mr. Browning in the armchair talking to Miss
Barrett on the sofa.

Sleep became impossible while that man was there.  Flush lay with
his eyes wide open, listening.  Though he could make no sense of
the little words that hurtled over his head from two-thirty to
four-thirty sometimes three times a week, he could detect with
terrible accuracy that the tone of the words was changing.  Miss
Barrett's voice had been forced and unnaturally lively at first.
Now it had gained a warmth and an ease that he had never heard in
it before.  And every time the man came, some new sound came into
their voices--now they made a grotesque chattering; now they
skimmed over him like birds flying widely; now they cooed and
clucked, as if they were two birds settled in a nest; and then Miss
Barrett's voice, rising again, went soaring and circling in the
air; and then Mr. Browning's voice barked out its sharp, harsh
clapper of laughter; and then there was only a murmur, a quiet
humming sound as the two voices joined together.  But as the summer
turned to autumn Flush noted, with horrid apprehension, another
note.  There was a new urgency, a new pressure and energy in the
man's voice, at which Miss Barrett, Flush felt, took fright.  Her
voice fluttered; hesitated; seemed to falter and fade and plead and
gasp, as if she were begging for a rest, for a pause, as if she
were afraid.  Then, the man was silent.

Of him they took but little notice.  He might have been a log of
wood lying there at Miss Barrett's feet for all the attention Mr.
Browning paid him.  Sometimes he scrubbed his head in a brisk,
spasmodic way, energetically, without sentiment, as he passed him.
Whatever that scrub might mean, Flush felt nothing but an intense
dislike for Mr. Browning.  The very sight of him, so well tailored,
so tight, so muscular, screwing his yellow gloves in his hand, set
his teeth on edge.  Oh! to let them meet sharply, completely in the
stuff of his trousers!  And yet he dared not.  Taking it all in
all, that winter--1845-6--was the most distressing that Flush had
ever known.

The winter passed; and spring came round again.  Flush could see no
end to the affair; and yet just as a river, though it reflects
still trees and grazing cows and rooks returning to the tree-tops,
moves inevitably to a waterfall, so those days, Flush knew, were
moving to catastrophe.  Rumours of change hovered in the air.
Sometimes he thought that some vast exodus impended.  There was
that indefinable stir in the house which precedes--could it be
possible?--a journey.  Boxes were actually dusted, were, incredible
as it might seem, opened.  Then they were shut again.  No, it was
not the family that was going to move.  The brothers and sisters
still went in and out as usual.  Mr. Barrett paid his nightly
visit, after the man had gone, at his accustomed hour.  What was
it, then, that was going to happen? for as the summer of 1846 wore
on, Flush was positive that a change was coming.  He could hear it
again in the altered sound of the eternal voices.  Miss Barrett's
voice, that had been pleading and afraid, lost its faltering note.
It rang out with a determination and a boldness that Flush had
never heard in it before.  If only Mr. Barrett could hear the tone
in which she welcomed this usurper, the laugh with which she
greeted him, the exclamation with which he took her hand in his!
But nobody was in the room with them except Flush.  To him the
change was of the most galling nature.  It was not merely that Miss
Barrett was changing towards Mr. Browning--she was changing in
every relation--in her feeling towards Flush himself.  She treated
his advances more brusquely; she cut short his endearments
laughingly; she made him feel that there was something petty,
silly, affected, in his old affectionate ways.  His vanity was
exacerbated.  His jealousy was inflamed.  At last, when July came,
he determined to make one violent attempt to regain her favour, and
perhaps to oust the newcomer.  How to accomplish this double
purpose he did not know, and could not plan.  But suddenly on the
8th of July his feelings overcame him.  He flung himself on Mr.
Browning and bit him savagely.  At last his teeth met in the
immaculate cloth of Mr. Browning's trousers!  But the limb inside
was hard as iron--Mr. Kenyon's leg had been butter in comparison.
Mr. Browning brushed him off with a flick of his hand and went on
talking.  Neither he nor Miss Barrett seemed to think the attack
worthy of attention.  Completely foiled, worsted, without a shaft
left in his sheath, Flush sank back on his cushions panting with
rage and disappointment.  But he had misjudged Miss Barrett's
insight.  When Mr. Browning was gone, she called him to her and
inflicted upon him the worst punishment he had ever known.  First
she slapped his ears--that was nothing; oddly enough the slap was
rather to his liking; he would have welcomed another.  But then she
said in her sober, certain tones that she would never love him
again.  That shaft went to his heart.  All these years they had
lived together, shared everything together, and now, for one
moment's failure, she would never love him again.  Then, as if to
make her dismissal complete, she took the flowers that Mr. Browning
had brought her and began to put them in water in a vase.  It was
an act, Flush thought, of calculated and deliberate malice; an act
designed to make him feel his own insignificance completely.  "This
rose is from him," she seemed to say, "and this carnation.  Let the
red shine by the yellow; and the yellow by the red.  And let the
green leaf lie there--"  And, setting one flower with another, she
stood back to gaze at them as if he were before her--the man in the
yellow gloves--a mass of brilliant flowers.  But even so, even as
she pressed the leaves and flowers together, she could not
altogether ignore the fixity with which Flush gazed at her.  She
could not deny that "expression of quite despair on his face."
She could not but relent.  "At last I said, 'If you are good,
Flush, you may come and say that you are sorry,' on which he dashed
across the room and, trembling all over, kissed first one of my
hands and then another, and put up his paws to be shaken, and
looked into my face with such beseeching eyes that you would
certainly have forgiven him just as I did."  That was her account
of the matter to Mr. Browning; and he of course replied:  "Oh, poor
Flush, do you think I do not love and respect him for his jealous
supervision--his slowness to know another, having once known you?"
It was easy enough for Mr. Browning to be magnanimous, but that
easy magnanimity was perhaps the sharpest thorn that pressed into
Flush's side.

Another incident a few days later showed how widely they were
separated, who had been so close, how little Flush could now count
on Miss Barrett for sympathy.  After Mr. Browning had gone one
afternoon Miss Barrett decided to drive to Regent's Park with her
sister.  As they got out at the Park gate the door of the four-
wheeler shut on Flush's paw.  He "cried piteously" and held it up
to Miss Barrett for sympathy.  In other days sympathy in abundance
would have been lavished upon him for less.  But now a detached, a
mocking, a critical expression came into her eyes.  She laughed at
him.  She thought he was shamming:  ". . . no sooner had he touched
the grass than he began to run without a thought of it," she wrote.
And she commented sarcastically, "Flush always makes the most of
his misfortunes--he is of the Byronic school--il se pose en
victime."  But here Miss Barrett, absorbed in her own emotions,
misjudged him completely.  If his paw had been broken, still he
would have bounded.  That dash was his answer to her mockery; I
have done with you--that was the meaning he flashed at her as he
ran.  The flowers smelt bitter to him; the grass burnt his paws;
the dust filled his nostrils with disillusion.  But he raced--he
scampered.  "Dogs must be led on chains"--there was the usual
placard; there were the park-keepers with their top-hats and their
truncheons to enforce it.  But "must" no longer had any meaning for
him.  The chain of love was broken.  He would run where he liked;
chase partridges; chase spaniels; splash into the middle of dahlia
beds; break brilliant, glowing red and yellow roses.  Let the park-
keepers throw their truncheons if they chose.  Let them dash his
brains out.  Let him fall dead, disembowelled, at Miss Barrett's
feet.  He cared nothing.  But naturally nothing of the kind
happened.  Nobody pursued him; nobody noticed him.  The solitary
park-keeper was talking to a nursemaid.  At last he returned to
Miss Barrett and she absentmindedly slipped the chain over his
neck, and led him home.

After two such humiliations the spirit of an ordinary dog, the
spirit even of an ordinary human being, might well have been
broken.  But Flush, for all his softness and silkiness, had eyes
that blazed; had passions that leapt not merely in bright flame but
sunk and smouldered.  He resolved to meet his enemy face to face
and alone.  No third person should interrupt this final conflict.
It should be fought out by the principals themselves.  On the
afternoon of Tuesday, the 21st of July, therefore, he slipped
downstairs and waited in the hall.  He had not long to wait.  Soon
he heard the tramp of the familiar footstep in the street; he heard
the familiar rap on the door.  Mr. Browning was admitted.  Vaguely
aware of the impending attack and determined to meet it in the most
conciliatory of spirits, Mr. Browning had come provided with a
parcel of cakes.  There was Flush waiting in the hall.  Mr.
Browning made, evidently, some well-meant attempt to caress him;
perhaps he even went so far as to offer him a cake.  The gesture
was enough.  Flush sprang upon his enemy with unparalleled
violence.  His teeth once more met in Mr. Browning's trousers.  But
unfortunately in the excitement of the moment he forgot what was
most essential--silence.  He barked; he flung himself on Mr.
Browning, barking loudly.  The sound was sufficient to alarm the
household.  Wilson rushed downstairs.  Wilson beat him soundly.
Wilson overpowered him completely.  Wilson led him in ignominy
away.  Ignominy it was--to have attacked Mr. Browning, to have been
beaten by Wilson.  Mr. Browning had not lifted a finger.  Taking
his cakes with him, Mr. Browning proceeded unhurt, unmoved, in
perfect composure, upstairs, alone to the bedroom.  Flush was led
away.

After two and a half hours of miserable confinement with parrots
and beetles, ferns and saucepans, in the kitchen, Flush was
summoned to Miss Barrett's presence.  She was lying on the sofa
with her sister Arabella beside her.  Conscious of the rightness of
his cause, Flush went straight to her.  But she refused to look at
him.  He turned to Arabella.  She merely said, "Naughty Flush, go
away."  Wilson was there--the formidable, the implacable Wilson.
It was to her that Miss Barrett turned for information.  She had
beaten him.  Wilson said, "because it was right."  And, she added,
she had only beaten him with her hand.  It was upon her evidence
that Flush was convicted.  The attack, Miss Barrett assumed, had
been unprovoked; she credited Mr. Browning with all virtue, with
all generosity; Flush had been beaten off by a servant, without a
whip, because "it was right."  There was no more to be said.  Miss
Barrett decided against him.  "So he lay down on the floor at my
feet," she wrote, "looking from under his eyebrows at me."  But
though Flush might look, Miss Barrett refused even to meet his
eyes.  There she lay on the sofa; there Flush lay on the floor.

And as he lay there, exiled, on the carpet, he went through one of
those whirlpools of tumultuous emotion in which the soul is either
dashed upon the rocks and splintered or, finding some tuft of
foothold, slowly and painfully pulls itself up, regains dry land,
and at last emerges on top of a ruined universe to survey a world
created afresh on a different plan.  Which was it to be--
destruction or reconstruction?  That was the question.  The
outlines only of his dilemma can be traced here; for his debate was
silent.  Twice Flush had done his utmost to kill his enemy; twice
he had failed.  And why had he failed, he asked himself?  Because
he loved Miss Barrett.  Looking up at her from under his eyebrows
as she lay, severe and silent on the sofa, he knew that he must
love her for ever.  But things are not simple but complex.  If he
bit Mr. Browning he bit her too.  Hatred is not hatred; hatred is
also love.  Here Flush shook his ears in an agony of perplexity.
He turned uneasily on the floor.  Mr. Browning was Miss Barrett--
Miss Barrett was Mr. Browning; love is hatred and hatred is love.
He stretched himself, whined and raised his head from the floor.
The clock struck eight.  For three hours and more he had been lying
there, tossed from the horn of one dilemma to another.

Even Miss Barrett, severe, cold, implacable as she was, laid down
her pen.  "Wicked Flush!" she had been writing to Mr. Browning,
". . . if people like Flush, choose to behave like dogs savagely,
they must take the consequences indeed, as dogs usually do!  And
YOU, so good and gentle to him!  Anyone but YOU, would have said
'hasty words' at least."  Really it would be a good plan, she
thought, to buy a muzzle.  And then she looked up and saw Flush.
Something unusual in his look must have struck her.  She paused.
She laid down her pen.  Once he had roused her with a kiss, and she
had thought that he was Pan.  He had eaten chicken and rice pudding
soaked in cream.  He had given up the sunshine for her sake.  She
called him to her and said she forgave him.

But to be forgiven, as if for a passing whim, to be taken back
again on to the sofa as if he had learnt nothing in his anguish on
the floor, as if he were the same dog when in fact he differed
totally, was impossible.  For the moment, exhausted as he was,
Flush submitted.  A few days later, however, a remarkable scene
took place between him and Miss Barrett which showed the depths of
his emotions.  Mr. Browning had been and gone; Flush was alone with
Miss Barrett.  Normally he would have leapt on to the sofa at her
feet.  But now, instead of jumping up as usual and claiming her
caress, Flush went to what was now called "Mr. Browning's
armchair."  Usually the chair was abhorrent to him; it still held
the shape of his enemy.  But now, such was the battle he had won,
such was the charity that suffused him, that he not only looked at
the chair but, as he looked, "suddenly fell into a rapture."  Miss
Barrett, watching him intently, observed this extraordinary
portent.  Next she saw him turn his eyes towards a table.  On that
table still lay the packet of Mr. Browning's cakes.  He "reminded
me that the cakes you left were on the table."  They were now old
cakes, stale cakes, cakes bereft of any carnal seduction.  Flush's
meaning was plain.  He had refused to eat the cakes when they were
fresh, because they were offered by an enemy.  He would eat them
now that they were stale, because they were offered by an enemy
turned to friend, because they were symbols of hatred turned to
love.  Yes, he signified, he would eat them now.  So Miss Barrett
rose and took the cakes in her hand.  And as she gave them to him
she admonished him, "So I explained to him that YOU had brought
them for him, and that he ought to be properly ashamed therefore
for his past wickedness, and make up his mind to love you and not
bite you for the future--and he was allowed to profit from your
goodness to him."  As he swallowed down the faded flakes of that
distasteful pastry--it was mouldy, it was flyblown, it was sour--
Flush solemnly repeated, in his own language, the words she had
used--he swore to love Mr. Browning and not bite him for the
future.

He was instantly rewarded--not by stale cakes, not by chicken's
wings, not by the caresses that were now his, nor by the permission
to lie once more on the sofa at Miss Barrett's feet.  He was
rewarded, spiritually; yet the effects were curiously physical.
Like an iron bar corroding and festering and killing all natural
life beneath it, hatred had lain all these months across his soul.
Now, by the cutting of sharp knives and painful surgery, the iron
had been excised.  Now the blood ran once more; the nerves shot and
tingled; flesh formed; Nature rejoiced, as in spring.  Flush heard
the birds sing again; he felt the leaves growing on the trees; as
he lay on the sofa at Miss Barrett's feet, glory and delight
coursed through his veins.  He was with them, not against them,
now; their hopes, their wishes, their desires were his.  Flush
could have barked in sympathy with Mr. Browning now.  The short,
sharp words raised the hackles on his neck.  "I need a week of
Tuesdays," Mr. Browning cried, "then a month--a year--a life!"  I,
Flush echoed him, need a month--a year--a life!  I need all the
things that you both need.  We are all three conspirators in the
most glorious of causes.  We are joined in sympathy.  We are joined
in hatred.  We are joined in defiance of black and beetling
tyranny.  We are joined in love.--In short, all Flush's hopes now
were set upon some dimly apprehended but none the less certainly
emerging triumph, upon some glorious victory that was to be theirs
in common, when suddenly, without a word of warning, in the midst
of civilisation, security and friendship--he was in a shop in Vere
Street with Miss Barrett and her sister: it was the morning of
Tuesday the 1st of September--Flush was tumbled head over heels
into darkness.  The doors of a dungeon shut upon him.  He was
stolen. [4]



CHAPTER FOUR

Whitechapel


"This morning Arabel and I, and he with us," Miss Barrett wrote,
"went in a cab to Vere Street where we had a little business, and
he followed us as usual into a shop and out of it again, and was at
my heels when I stepped up into the carriage.  Having turned, I
said 'Flush,' and Arabel looked round for Flush--there was no
Flush!  He had been caught up in that moment, from UNDER the
wheels, do you understand?"  Mr. Browning understood perfectly
well.  Miss Barrett had forgotten the chain; therefore Flush was
stolen.  Such, in the year 1846, was the law of Wimpole Street and
its neighbourhood.

Nothing, it is true, could exceed the apparent solidity and
security of Wimpole Street itself.  As far as an invalid could walk
or a bath-chair could trundle nothing met the eye but an agreeable
prospect of four-storeyed houses, plate-glass windows and mahogany
doors.  Even a carriage and pair, in the course of an afternoon's
airing, need not, if the coachman were discreet, leave the limits
of decorum and respectability.  But if you were not an invalid, if
you did not possess a carriage and pair, if you were--and many
people were--active and able-bodied and fond of walking, then you
might see sights and hear language and smell smells, not a stone's-
throw from Wimpole Street, that threw doubts upon the solidity even
of Wimpole Street itself.  So Mr. Thomas Beames found when about
this time he took it into his head to go walking about London.  He
was surprised; indeed he was shocked.  Splendid buildings raised
themselves in Westminster, yet just behind them were ruined sheds
in which human beings lived herded together above herds of cows--
"two in each seven feet of space."  He felt that he ought to tell
people what he had seen.  Yet how could one describe politely a
bedroom in which two or three families lived above a cow-shed, when
the cow-shed had no ventilation, when the cows were milked and
killed and eaten under the bedroom?  That was a task, as Mr. Beames
found when he came to attempt it, that taxed all the resources of
the English language.  And yet he felt that he ought to describe
what he had seen in the course of an afternoon's walk through some
of the most aristocratic parishes in London.  The risk of typhus
was so great.  The rich could not know what dangers they were
running.  He could not altogether hold his tongue when he found
what he did find in Westminster and Paddington and Marylebone.  For
instance, here was an old mansion formerly belonging to some great
nobleman.  Relics of marble mantelpieces remained.  The rooms were
panelled and the banisters were carved, and yet the floors were
rotten, the walls dripped with filth; hordes of half-naked men and
women had taken up their lodging in the old banqueting-halls.  Then
he walked on.  Here an enterprising builder had pulled down the old
family mansion.  He had run up a jerry-built tenement house in its
place.  The rain dripped through the roof and the wind blew through
the walls.  He saw a child dipping a can into a bright-green stream
and asked if they drank that water.  Yes, and washed in it too, for
the landlord only allowed water to be turned on twice a week.  Such
sights were the more surprising, because one might come upon them
in the most sedate and civilised quarters of London--"the most
aristocratic parishes have their share."  Behind Miss Barrett's
bedroom, for instance, was one of the worst slums in London.  Mixed
up with that respectability was this filth.  But there were certain
quarters, of course, which had long been given over to the poor and
were left undisturbed.  In Whitechapel, or in a triangular space of
ground at the bottom of the Tottenham Court Road, poverty and vice
and misery had bred and seethed and propagated their kind for
centuries without interference.  A dense mass of aged buildings in
St. Giles's was "wellnigh a penal settlement, a pauper metropolis
in itself."  Aptly enough, where the poor conglomerated thus, the
settlement was called a Rookery.  For there human beings swarmed on
top of each other as rooks swarm and blacken tree-tops.  Only the
buildings here were not trees; they were hardly any longer
buildings.  They were cells of brick intersected by lanes which ran
with filth.  All day the lanes buzzed with half-dressed human
beings; at night there poured back again into the stream the
thieves, beggars, and prostitutes who had been plying their trade
in the West End.  The police could do nothing.  No single wayfarer
could do anything except hurry through as fast as he could and
perhaps drop a hint, as Mr. Beames did, with many quotations,
evasions and euphemisms, that all was not quite as it should be.
Cholera would come, and perhaps the hint that cholera would give
would not be quite so evasive.

But in the summer of 1846 that hint had not yet been given; and the
only safe course for those who lived in Wimpole Street and its
neighbourhood was to keep strictly within the respectable area and
to lead your dog on a chain.  If one forgot, as Miss Barrett
forgot, one paid the penalty, as Miss Barrett was now to pay it.
The terms upon which Wimpole Street lived cheek by jowl with St.
Giles's were laid down.  St. Giles's stole what St. Giles's could;
Wimpole Street paid what Wimpole Street must.  Thus Arabel at once
"began to comfort me by showing how certain it was that I should
recover him for ten pounds at most."  Ten pounds, it was reckoned,
was about the price that Mr. Taylor would ask for a cocker spaniel.
Mr. Taylor was the head of the gang.  As soon as a lady in Wimpole
Street lost her dog she went to Mr. Taylor; he named his price, and
it was paid; or if not, a brown paper parcel was delivered in
Wimpole Street a few days later containing the head and paws of the
dog.  Such, at least, had been the experience of a lady in the
neighbourhood who had tried to make terms with Mr. Taylor.  But
Miss Barrett of course intended to pay.  Therefore when she got
home she told her brother Henry, and Henry went to see Mr. Taylor
that afternoon.  He found him "smoking a cigar in a room with
pictures"--Mr. Taylor was said to make an income of two or three
thousand a year out of the dogs of Wimpole Street--and Mr. Taylor
promised that he would confer with his "Society" and that the dog
would be returned next day.  Vexatious as it was, and especially
annoying at a moment when Miss Barrett needed all her money, such
were the inevitable consequences of forgetting in 1846 to keep
one's dog on a chain.

But for Flush things were very different.  Flush, Miss Barrett
reflected, "doesn't know that we can recover him"; Flush had never
mastered the principles of human society.  "All this night he will
howl and lament, I know perfectly," Miss Barrett wrote to Mr.
Browning on the afternoon of Tuesday, the 1st September.  But while
Miss Barrett wrote to Mr. Browning, Flush was going through the
most terrible experience of his life.  He was bewildered in the
extreme.  One moment he was in Vere Street, among ribbons and
laces; the next he was tumbled head over heels into a bag; jolted
rapidly across streets, and at length was tumbled out--here.  He
found himself in complete darkness.  He found himself in chillness
and dampness.  As his giddiness left him he made out a few shapes
in a low dark room--broken chairs, a tumbled mattress.  Then he was
seized and tied tightly by the leg to some obstacle.  Something
sprawled on the floor--whether beast or human being, he could not
tell.  Great boots and draggled skirts kept stumbling in and out.
Flies buzzed on scraps of old meat that were decaying on the floor.
Children crawled out from dark corners and pinched his ears.  He
whined, and a heavy hand beat him over the head.  He cowered down
on the few inches of damp brick against the wall.  Now he could see
that the floor was crowded with animals of different kinds.  Dogs
tore and worried a festering bone that they had got between them.
Their ribs stood out from their coats--they were half famished,
dirty, diseased, uncombed, unbrushed; yet all of them, Flush could
see, were dogs of the highest breeding, chained dogs, footmen's
dogs, like himself.

He lay, not daring even to whimper, hour after hour.  Thirst was
his worst suffering; but one sip of the thick greenish water that
stood in a pail near him disgusted him; he would rather die than
drink another.  Yet a majestic greyhound was drinking greedily.
Whenever the door was kicked open he looked up.  Miss Barrett--was
it Miss Barrett?  Had she come at last?  But it was only a hairy
ruffian, who kicked them all aside and stumbled to a broken chair
upon which he flung himself.  Then gradually the darkness
thickened.  He could scarcely make out what shapes those were, on
the floor, on the mattress, on the broken chairs.  A stump of
candle was stuck on the ledge over the fireplace.  A flare burnt in
the gutter outside.  By its flickering, coarse light Flush could
see terrible faces passing outside, leering at the window.  Then in
they came, until the small crowded room became so crowded that he
had to shrink back and lie even closer against the wall.  These
horrible monsters--some were ragged, others were flaring with paint
and feathers--squatted on the floor; hunched themselves over the
table.  They began to drink; they cursed and struck each other.
Out tumbled, from the bags that were dropped on the floor, more
dogs--lap dogs, setters, pointers with their collars still on them;
and a giant cockatoo that flustered and dashed its way from corner
to corner shrieking "Pretty Poll," "Pretty Poll," with an accent
that would have terrified its mistress, a widow in Maida Vale.
Then the women's bags were opened, and out were tossed on to the
table bracelets and rings and brooches such as Flush had seen Miss
Barrett wear and Miss Henrietta.  The demons pawed and clawed them;
cursed and quarrelled over them.  The dogs barked.  The children
shrieked, and the splendid cockatoo--such a bird as Flush had often
seen pendant in a Wimpole Street window--shrieked "Pretty Poll!
Pretty Poll!" faster and faster until a slipper was thrown at it
and it flapped its great yellow-stained dove-grey wings in frenzy.
Then the candle toppled over and fell.  The room was dark.  It grew
steadily hotter and hotter; the smell, the heat, were unbearable;
Flush's nose burnt; his coat twitched.  And still Miss Barrett did
not come.

Miss Barrett lay on her sofa in Wimpole Street.  She was vexed; she
was worried, but she was not seriously alarmed.  Of course Flush
would suffer; he would whine and bark all night; but it was only a
question of a few hours.  Mr. Taylor would name his sum; she would
pay it; Flush would be returned.

The morning of Wednesday the 2nd September dawned in the rookeries
of Whitechapel.  The broken windows gradually became smeared with
grey.  Light fell upon the hairy faces of ruffians lying sprawled
upon the floor.  Flush woke from a trance that had veiled his eyes
and once more realised the truth.  This was now the truth--this
room, these ruffians, these whining, snapping, tightly tethered
dogs, this murk, this dampness.  Could it be true that he had been
in a shop, with ladies, among ribbons, only yesterday?  Was there
such a place as Wimpole Street?  Was there a room where fresh water
sparkled in a purple jar; had he lain on cushions; had he been
given a chicken's wing nicely roasted; and had he been torn with
rage and jealousy and bitten a man with yellow gloves?  The whole
of that life and its emotions floated away, dissolved, became
unreal.

Here, as the dusty light filtered in, a woman heaved herself off a
sack and staggered out to fetch beer.  The drinking and the cursing
began again.  A fat woman held him up by his ears and pinched his
ribs, and some odious joke was made about him--there was a roar of
laughter as she threw him on the floor again.  The door was kicked
open and banged to.  Whenever that happened he looked up.  Was it
Wilson?  Could it possibly be Mr. Browning?  Or Miss Barrett?  But
no--it was only another thief, another murderer; he cowered back at
the mere sight of those draggled skirts, of those hard, horny
boots.  Once he tried to gnaw a bone that was hurled his way.  But
his teeth could not meet in stony flesh and the rank smell
disgusted him.  His thirst increased and he was forced to lap a
little of the green water that had been spilt from the pail.  But
as Wednesday wore on and he became hotter and more parched and
still more sore, lying on the broken boards, one thing merged in
another.  He scarcely noticed what was happening.  It was only when
the door opened that he raised his head and looked.  No, it was not
Miss Barrett.

Miss Barrett, lying on the sofa in Wimpole Street, was becoming
anxious.  There was some hitch in the proceedings.  Taylor had
promised that he would go down to Whitechapel on Wednesday
afternoon and confer with "the Society."  Yet Wednesday afternoon,
Wednesday evening passed and still Taylor did not come.  This could
only mean, she supposed, that the price was going to be raised--
which was inconvenient enough at the moment.  Still, of course, she
would have to pay it.  "I must have my Flush, you know," she wrote
to Mr. Browning.  "I can't run any risk and bargain and haggle."
So she lay on the sofa writing to Mr. Browning and listening for a
knock at the door.  But Wilson came up with the letters; Wilson
came up with the hot water.  It was time for bed and Flush had not
come.

Thursday the 3rd of September dawned in Whitechapel.  The door
opened and shut.  The red setter who had been whining all night
beside Flush on the floor was hauled off by a ruffian in a moleskin
vest--to what fate?  Was it better to be killed or to stay here?
Which was worse--this life or that death?  The racket, the hunger
and the thirst, the reeking smells of the place--and once, Flush
remembered, he had detested the scent of eau de cologne--were fast
obliterating any clear image, any single desire.  Fragments of old
memories began turning in his head.  Was that the voice of old Dr.
Mitford shouting in the field?  Was that Kerenhappock gossiping
with the baker at the door?  There was a rattling in the room and
he thought he heard Miss Mitford tying up a bunch of geraniums.
But it was only the wind--for it was stormy today--battering at the
brown paper in the broken window pane.  It was only some drunken
voice raving in the gutter.  It was only the old hag in the corner
mumbling on and on and on as she fried a herring in a pan over a
fire.  He had been forgotten and deserted.  No help was coming.  No
voice spoke to him--the parrots cried "Pretty Poll, Pretty Poll"
and the canaries kept up their senseless cheeping and chirping.

Then again evening darkened the room; the candle was stuck in its
saucer; the coarse light flared outside; hordes of sinister men
with bags on their backs, of garish women with painted faces, began
to shuffle in at the door and to fling themselves down on the
broken beds and tables.  Another night had folded its blackness
over Whitechapel.  And the rain dripped steadily through a hole in
the roof and drummed into a pail that had been stood to catch it.
Miss Barrett had not come.

Thursday dawned in Wimpole Street.  There was no sign of Flush--no
message from Taylor.  Miss Barrett was very much alarmed.  She made
enquiries.  She summoned her brother Henry, and cross-examined him.
She found out that he had tricked her.  "The archfield" Taylor had
come according to his promise the night before.  He had stated his
terms--six guineas for the Society and half a guinea for himself.
But Henry, instead of telling her, had told Mr. Barrett, with the
result, of course, that Mr. Barrett had ordered him not to pay, and
to conceal the visit from his sister.  Miss Barrett was "very vexed
and angry."  She bade her brother to go at once to Mr. Taylor and
pay the money.  Henry refused and "talked of Papa."  But it was no
use talking of Papa, she protested.  While they talked of Papa,
Flush would be killed.  She made up her mind.  If Henry would not
go, she would go herself:  ". . . if people won't do as I choose, I
shall go down tomorrow morning, and bring Flush back with me," she
wrote to Mr. Browning.

But Miss Barrett now found that it was easier to say this than to
do it.  It was almost as difficult for her to go to Flush as for
Flush to come to her.  All Wimpole Street was against her.  The
news that Flush was stolen and that Taylor demanded a ransom was
now public property.  Wimpole Street was determined to make a stand
against Whitechapel.  Blind Mr. Boyd sent word that in his opinion
it would be "an awful sin" to pay the ransom.  Her father and her
brother were in league against her and were capable of any
treachery in the interests of their class.  But worst of all--far
worse--Mr. Browning himself threw all his weight, all his
eloquence, all his learning, all his logic, on the side of Wimpole
Street and against Flush.  If Miss Barrett gave way to Taylor, he
wrote, she was giving way to tyranny; she was giving way to
blackmailers; she was increasing the power of evil over right, of
wickedness over innocence.  If she gave Taylor his demand, ". . .
how will the poor owners fare who have not money enough for their
dogs' redemption?"  His imagination took fire; he imagined what he
would say if Taylor asked him even for five shillings; he would
say, "YOU are responsible for the proceedings of your gang, and YOU
I mark--don't talk nonsense to me about cutting off heads or paws.
Be as sure as that I stand here and tell you, I will spend my whole
life in putting you down, the nuisance you declare yourself--and by
every imaginable means I will be the death of you and as many of
your accomplices as I can discover--but YOU I have discovered and
will never lose sight of. . . ."  So Mr. Browning would have
replied to Taylor if he had had the good fortune to meet that
gentleman.  For indeed, he went on, catching a later post with a
second letter that same Thursday afternoon, ". . . it is horrible
to fancy how all the oppressors in their several ranks may, if they
choose, twitch back to them by the heartstrings after various modes
the weak and silent whose secret they have found out."  He did not
blame Miss Barrett--nothing she did could be anything but perfectly
right, perfectly acceptable to him.  Still, he continued on Friday
morning, "I think it lamentable weakness. . . ."  If she encouraged
Taylor who stole dogs, she encouraged Mr. Barnard Gregory who stole
characters.  Indirectly, she was responsible for all the wretches
who cut their throats or fly the country because some blackmailer
like Barnard Gregory took down a directory and blasted their
characters.  "But why write this string of truisms about the
plainest thing in the world?"  So Mr. Browning stormed and
vociferated from New Cross twice daily.

Lying on her sofa, Miss Barrett read the letters.  How easy it
could have been to yield--how easy it would have been to say, "Your
good opinion is worth more to me than a hundred cocker spaniels."
How easy it would have been to sink back on her pillows and sigh,
"I am a weak woman; I know nothing of law and justice; decide for
me."  She had only to refuse to pay the ransom; she had only to
defy Taylor and his society.  And if Flush were killed, if the
dreadful parcel came and she opened it and out dropped his head and
paws, there was Robert Browning by her side to assure her that she
had done right and earned his respect.  But Miss Barrett was not to
be intimidated.  Miss Barrett took up her pen and refuted Robert
Browning.  It was all very well, she said, to quote Donne; to cite
the case of Gregory; to invent spirited replies to Mr. Taylor--she
would have done the same had Taylor struck her; had Gregory defamed
her--would that they had!  But what would Mr. Browning have done if
the banditti had stolen her; had her in their power; threatened to
cut off her ears and send them by post to New Cross?  Whatever he
would have done, her mind was made up.  Flush was helpless.  Her
duty was to him.  "But Flush, poor Flush, who has loved me so
faithfully; have I a right to sacrifice HIM in his innocence, for
the sake of any Mr. Taylor's guilt in the world?"  Whatever Mr.
Browning might say, she was going to rescue Flush, even if she went
down into the jaws of Whitechapel to fetch him, even if Robert
Browning despised her for doing so.

On Saturday, therefore, with Mr. Browning's letter lying open on
the table before her, she began to dress.  She read his "one word
more--in all this, I labour against the execrable policy of the
world's husbands, fathers, brothers and domineerers in general."
So, if she went to Whitechapel she was siding against Robert
Browning, and in favour of fathers, brothers and domineerers in
general.  Still, she went on dressing.  A dog howled in the mews.
It was tied up, helpless in the power of cruel men.  It seemed to
her to cry as it howled:  "Think of Flush."  She put on her shoes,
her cloak, her hat.  She glanced at Mr. Browning's letter once
more.  "I am about to marry you," she read.  Still the dog howled.
She left her room and went downstairs.

Henry Barrett met her and told her that in his opinion she might
well be robbed and murdered if she did what she threatened.  She
told Wilson to call a cab.  All trembling but submissive, Wilson
obeyed.  The cab came.  Miss Barrett told Wilson to get in.
Wilson, though convinced that death awaited her, got in.  Miss
Barrett told the cabman to drive to Manning Street, Shoreditch.
Miss Barrett got in herself and off they drove.  Soon they were
beyond plate-glass windows, the mahogany doors and the area
railings.  They were in a world that Miss Barrett had never seen,
had never guessed at.  They were in a world where cows are herded
under the bedroom floor, where whole families sleep in rooms with
broken windows; in a world where water is turned on only twice a
week, in a world where vice and poverty breed vice and poverty.
They had come to a region unknown to respectable cab-drivers.  The
cab stopped; the driver asked his way at a public-house.  "Out came
two or three men.  'Oh, you want to find Mr. Taylor, I daresay!'"
In this mysterious world a cab with two ladies could only come upon
one errand, and that errand was already known.  It was sinister in
the extreme.  One of the men ran into a house, and came out saying
that Mr. Taylor "'wasn't at home! but wouldn't I get out?'  Wilson,
in an aside of terror, entreated me not to think of such a thing."
A gang of men and boys pressed round the cab.  "Then wouldn't I see
Mrs. Taylor?" the man asked.  Miss Barrett had no wish whatever to
see Mrs. Taylor; but now an immense fat woman came out of the
house, "fat enough to have had an easy conscience all her life,"
and informed Miss Barrett that her husband was out: "might be in in
a few minutes, or in so many hours--wouldn't I like to get out and
wait?"  Wilson tugged at her gown.  Imagine waiting in the house of
that woman!  It was bad enough to sit in the cab with the gang of
men and boys pressing round them.  So Miss Barrett parleyed with
the "immense feminine bandit" from the cab.  She said Mr. Taylor
had her dog; Mr. Taylor had promised to restore her dog; would Mr.
Taylor bring back her dog to Wimpole Street for certain that very
day?  "Oh yes, certainly," said the fat woman with the most
gracious of smiles.  She did believe that Taylor had left home
precisely on that business.  And she "poised her head to right and
left with the most easy grace."

So the cab turned round and left Manning Street, Shoreditch.
Wilson was of opinion that "we had escaped with our lives barely."
Miss Barrett herself had been alarmed.  "Plain enough it was that
the gang was strong there.  The society, the 'Fancy' . . . had
their roots in the ground," she wrote.  Her mind teemed with
thoughts, her eyes were full of pictures.  This, then, was what lay
on the other side of Wimpole Street--these faces, these houses.
She had seen more while she sat in the cab at the public-house than
she had seen during the five years that she had lain in the back
bedroom at Wimpole Street.  "The faces of those men!" she
exclaimed.  They were branded on her eyeballs.  They stimulated her
imagination as "the divine marble presences," the busts on the
bookcase, had never stimulated it.  Here lived women like herself;
while she lay on her sofa, reading, writing, they lived thus.  But
the cab was now trundling along between four-storeyed houses again.
Here were the familiar doors and windows: the avenue of pointed
brick, the brass knockers, the regular curtains.  Here was Wimpole
Street and number fifty.  Wilson sprang out--with what relief to
find herself in safety can be imagined.  But Miss Barrett, perhaps,
hesitated a moment.  She still saw "the faces of those men."  They
were to come before her again years later when she was sitting on a
sunny balcony in Italy. [5]  They were to inspire the most vivid
passages in Aurora Leigh.  But now the butler had opened the door,
and she went upstairs to her room again.

Saturday was the fifth day of Flush's imprisonment.  Almost
exhausted, almost hopeless, he lay panting in his dark corner of
the teeming floor.  Doors slammed and banged.  Rough voices cried.
Women screamed.  Parrots chattered as they had chattered to widows
in Maida Vale, but now evil old women merely cursed at them.
Insects crawled in his fur, but he was too weak, too indifferent to
shake his coat.  All Flush's past life and its many scenes--
Reading, the greenhouse, Miss Mitford, Mr. Kenyon, the bookcases,
the busts, the peasants on the blind--had faded like snowflakes
dissolved in a cauldron.  If he still held to hope, it was to
something nameless and formless; the featureless face of someone he
still called "Miss Barrett."  She still existed; all the rest of
the world was gone; but she still existed, though such gulfs lay
between them that it was impossible, almost, that she should reach
him still.  Darkness began to fall again, such darkness as seemed
almost able to crush out his last hope--Miss Barrett.

In truth, the forces of Wimpole Street were still, even at this
last moment, battling to keep Flush and Miss Barrett apart.  On
Saturday afternoon she lay and waited for Taylor to come, as the
immensely fat woman had promised.  At last he came, but he had not
brought the dog.  He sent up a message--Let Miss Barrett pay him
six guineas on the spot, and he would go straight to Whitechapel
and fetch the dog "on his word of honour."  What "the archfiend"
Taylor's word of honour might be worth, Miss Barrett could not say;
but "there seemed no other way for it"; Flush's life was at stake;
she counted out the guineas and sent them down to Taylor in the
passage.  But as ill luck would have it, as Taylor waited in the
passage among the umbrellas, the engravings, the pile carpet and
other valuable objects, Alfred Barrett came in.  The sight of the
archfiend Taylor actually in the house made him lose his temper.
He burst into a rage.  He called him "a swindler, and a liar and a
thief."  Thereupon Mr. Taylor cursed him back.  What was far worse,
he swore that "as he hoped to be saved, we should never see our dog
again," and rushed out of the house.  Next morning, then, the
blood-stained parcel would arrive.

Miss Barrett flung on her clothes again and rushed downstairs.
Where was Wilson?  Let her call a cab.  She was going back to
Shoreditch instantly.  Her family came running to prevent her.  It
was getting dark.  She was exhausted already.  The adventure was
risky enough for a man in health.  For her it was madness.  So
they told her.  Her brothers, her sisters, all came round her
threatening her, dissuading her, "crying out against me for being
'quite mad' and obstinate and wilful--I was called as many names as
Mr. Taylor."  But she stood her ground.  At last they realised the
extent of her folly.  Whatever the risk might be they must give way
to her.  Septimus promised if Ba would return to her room "and be
in good humour" that he would go to Taylor's himself and pay the
money and bring back the dog.

So the dusk of the 5th of September faded into the blackness of
night in Whitechapel.  The door of the room was once more kicked
open.  A hairy man hauled Flush by the scruff of his neck out of
his corner.  Looking up into the hideous face of his old enemy,
Flush did not know whether he was being taken to be killed or to be
freed.  Save for one phantom memory, he did not care.  The man
stooped.  What were those great fingers fumbling at his throat for?
Was it a knife or a chain?  Stumbling, half blinded, on legs that
staggered, Flush was led out into the open air.

In Wimpole Street Miss Barrett could not eat her dinner.  Was Flush
dead, or was Flush alive?  She did not know.  At eight o'clock
there was a rap on the door; it was the usual letter from Mr.
Browning.  But as the door opened to admit the letter, something
rushed in also: Flush.  He made straight for his purple jar.  It
was filled three times over; and still he drank.  Miss Barrett
watched the dazed, bewildered dirty dog, drinking.  "He was not so
enthusiastic about seeing me as I expected," she remarked.  No,
there was only one thing in the world he wanted--clean water.

After all, Miss Barrett had but glanced at the faces of those men
and she remembered them all her life.  Flush had lain at their
mercy in their midst for five whole days.  Now as he lay on
cushions once more, cold water was the only thing that seemed to
have any substance, any reality.  He drank continually.  The old
gods of the bedroom--the bookcase, the wardrobe, the busts--seemed
to have lost their substance.  This room was no longer the whole
world; it was only a shelter; only a dell arched over by one
trembling dock-leaf in a forest where wild beasts prowled and
venomous snakes coiled; where behind every tree lurked a murderer
ready to pounce.  As he lay dazed and exhausted on the sofa at Miss
Barrett's feet the howls of tethered dogs, the screams of birds in
terror still sounded in his ears.  When the door opened he started,
expecting a hairy man with a knife--it was only Mr. Kenyon with a
book; it was only Mr. Browning with his yellow gloves.  But he
shrank away from Mr. Kenyon and Mr. Browning now.  He trusted them
no longer.  Behind those smiling, friendly faces were treachery and
cruelty and deceit.  Their caresses were hollow.  He dreaded even
walking with Wilson to the pillar-box.  He would not stir without
his chain.  When they said, "'Poor Flush, did the naughty men take
you away?' he put up his head and moaned and yelled."  A whip
cracking sent him bolting down the area-steps into safety.  Indoors
he crept closer to Miss Barrett on the sofa.  She alone had not
deserted him.  He still kept some faith in her.  Gradually some
substance returned to her.  Exhausted, trembling, dirty and very
thin he lay on the sofa at her feet.

As the days passed and the memory of Whitechapel grew fainter,
Flush, lying close to Miss Barrett on the sofa, read her feelings
more clearly than ever before.  They had been parted; now they were
together.  Indeed they had never been so much akin.  Every start
she gave, every movement she made, passed through him too.  And she
seemed now to be perpetually starting and moving.  The delivery of
a parcel even made her jump.  She opened the parcel; with trembling
fingers she took out a pair of thick boots.  She hid them instantly
in the corner of the cupboard.  Then she lay down as if nothing had
happened; yet something had happened.  When they were alone she
rose and took a diamond necklace from a drawer.  She took out the
box that held Mr. Browning's letters.  She laid the boots, the
necklace and the letters all in a carpet-box together and then--as
if she heard a step on the stair--she pushed the box under the bed
and lay down hastily, covering herself with her shawl again.  Such
signs of secrecy and stealth must herald, Flush felt, some
approaching crisis.  Were they about to fly together?  Were they
about to escape together from this awful world of dog-stealers and
tyrants?  Oh, that it were possible!  He trembled and whined with
excitement; but in her low voice Miss Barrett bade him be quiet,
and instantly he was quiet.  She was very quiet too.  She lay
perfectly still on the sofa directly any of her brothers or sisters
came in; she lay and talked to Mr. Barrett as she always lay and
talked to Mr. Barrett.

But on Saturday, the 12th of September, Miss Barrett did what Flush
had never known her do before.  She dressed herself as if to go out
directly after breakfast.  Moreover, as he watched her dress, Flush
knew perfectly well from the expression on her face that he was not
to go with her.  She was bound on secret business of her own.  At
ten Wilson came into the room.  She also was dressed as if for a
walk.  They went out together; and Flush lay on the sofa and waited
for their return.  An hour or so later Miss Barrett came back
alone.  She did not look at him--she seemed to notice nothing.  She
drew off her gloves and for a moment he saw a gold ring shine on
one of the fingers of her left hand.  Then he saw her slip the ring
from her hand and hide it in the darkness of a drawer.  Then she
laid herself down as usual on the sofa.  He lay by her side
scarcely daring to breathe, for whatever had happened, and
something had happened, it must at all costs be concealed.

At all costs the life of the bedroom must go on as usual.  Yet
everything was different.  The very movement of the blind as it
drew in and out seemed to Flush like a signal.  And as the lights
and shadows passed over the busts they too seemed to be hinting and
beckoning.  Everything in the room seemed to be aware of change; to
be prepared for some event.  And yet all was silent; all was
concealed.  The brothers and sisters came in and out as usual; Mr.
Barrett came as usual in the evening.  He looked as usual to see
that the chop was finished, the wine drunk.  Miss Barrett talked
and laughed and gave no sign when anyone was in the room that she
was hiding anything.  Yet when they were alone she pulled out the
box from under the bed and filled it hastily, stealthily, listening
as she did so.  And the signs of strain were unmistakable.  On
Sunday the church bells were ringing.  "What bells are those?"
somebody asked.  "Marylebone Church bells," said Miss Henrietta.
Miss Barrett, Flush saw, went deadly white.  But nobody else
noticed anything.

So Monday passed, and Tuesday and Wednesday and Thursday.  Over
them all lay a blanket of silence, of eating and talking and lying
still on the sofa as usual.  Flush, tossing in uneasy sleep, dreamt
that they were couched together under ferns and leaves in a vast
forest; then the leaves were parted and he woke.  It was dark; but
in the darkness he saw Wilson come stealthily into the room, and
take the box from beneath the bed and quietly carry it outside.
This was on Friday night, the 18th of September.  All Saturday
morning he lay as one lies who knows that at any moment now a
handkerchief may drop, a low whistle may sound and the signal will
be given for death or for life.  He watched Miss Barrett dress
herself.  At a quarter to four the door opened and Wilson came in.
Then the signal was given--Miss Barrett lifted him in her arms.
She rose and walked to the door.  For a moment they stood looking
round the room.  There was the sofa and by it Mr. Browning's
armchair.  There were the busts and the tables.  The sun filtered
through the ivy leaves and the blind with peasants walking blew
gently out.  All was as usual.  All seemed to expect a million more
such moments to come to them; but for Miss Barrett and Flush this
was the last.  Very quietly Miss Barrett shut the door.

Very quietly they slipped downstairs, past the drawing-room, the
library, the dining-room.  All looked as they usually looked; smelt
as they usually smelt; all were quiet as if sleeping in the hot
September afternoon.  On the mat in the hall Catiline lay sleeping
too.  They gained the front door and very quietly turned the
handle.  A cab was waiting outside.

"To Hodgson's," said Miss Barrett.  She spoke almost in a whisper.
Flush sat on her knee very still.  Not for anything in the whole
world would he have broken that tremendous silence.



CHAPTER FIVE

Italy


Hours, days, weeks, it seemed of darkness and rattling; of sudden
lights; and then long tunnels of gloom; of being flung this way and
that; of being hastily lifted into the light and seeing Miss
Barrett's face close, and thin trees and lines and rails and high
light-specked houses--for it was the barbarous custom of railways
in those days to make dogs travel in boxes--followed.  Yet Flush
was not afraid; they were escaping; they were leaving tyrants and
dog-stealers behind them.  Rattle, grind; grind, rattle as much as
you like, he murmured, as the train flung him this way and that;
only let us leave Wimpole Street and Whitechapel behind us.  At
last the light broadened; the rattling stopped.  He heard birds
singing and the sigh of trees in the wind.  Or was it the rush of
water?  Opening his eyes at last, shaking his coat at last, he saw--
the most astonishing sight conceivable.  There was Miss Barrett on
a rock in the midst of rushing waters.  Trees bent over her; the
river raced round her.  She must be in peril.  With one bound Flush
splashed through the stream and reached her.  ". . . he is baptized
in Petrarch's name," said Miss Barrett as he clambered up on to the
rock by her side.  For they were at Vaucluse; she had perched
herself upon a stone in the middle of Petrarch's fountain.

Then there was more rattling and more grinding; and then again he
was stood down on a stable floor; the darkness opened; light poured
over him; he found himself alive, awake, bewildered, standing on
reddish tiles in a vast bare room flooded with sunshine.  He ran
hither and thither smelling and touching.  There was no carpet and
no fireplace.  There were no sofas, no armchairs, no bookcases, no
busts.  Pungent and unfamiliar smells tickled his nostrils and made
him sneeze.  The light, infinitely sharp and clear, dazzled his
eyes.  He had never been in a room--if this were indeed a room--
that was so hard, so bright, so big, so empty.  Miss Barrett looked
smaller than ever sitting on a chair by a table in the midst.  Then
Wilson took him out of doors.  He found himself almost blinded,
first by the sun, then by the shadow.  One-half of the street was
burning hot; the other bitterly cold.  Women went by wrapped in
furs, yet they carried parasols to shade their heads.  And the
street was dry as bone.  Though it was now the middle of November
there was neither mud nor puddle to wet his paws or clot their
feathers.  There were no areas and no railings.  There was none of
that heady confusion of smells that made a walk down Wimpole Street
or Oxford Street so distracting.  On the other hand, the strange
new smells that came from sharp stone corners, from dry yellow
walls, were extraordinarily pungent and queer.  Then from behind a
black swinging curtain came an astonishing sweet smell, wafted in
clouds; he stopped, his paws raised, to savour it; he made to
follow it inside; he pushed in beneath the curtain.  He had one
glimpse of a booming light-sprinkled hall, very high and hollow;
and then Wilson with a cry of horror, jerked him smartly back.
They went on down the street again.  The noise of the street was
deafening.  Everybody seemed to be shouting shrilly at the same
moment.  Instead of the solid and soporific hum of London there was
a rattling and a crying, a jingling and a shouting, a cracking of
whips and a jangling of bells.  Flush leapt and jumped this way and
that, and so did Wilson.  They were forced on and off the pavement
twenty times, to avoid a cart, a bullock, a troop of soldiers, a
drove of goats.  He felt younger, spryer than he had done these
many years.  Dazzled, yet exhilarated, he sank on the reddish tiles
and slept more soundly than he had ever slept in the back bedroom
at Wimpole Street upon pillows.

But soon Flush became aware of the more profound differences that
distinguish Pisa--it was in Pisa that they were now settled--from
London.  The dogs were different.  In London he could scarcely trot
round to the pillar-box without meeting some pug dog, retriever,
bulldog, mastiff, collie, Newfoundland, St. Bernard, fox terrier or
one of the seven famous families of the Spaniel tribe.  To each he
gave a different name, and to each a different rank.  But here in
Pisa, though dogs abounded, there were no ranks; all--could it be
possible?--were mongrels.  As far as he could see, they were dogs
merely--grey dogs, yellow dogs, brindled dogs, spotted dogs; but it
was impossible to detect a single spaniel, collie, retriever or
mastiff among them.  Had the Kennel Club, then, no jurisdiction in
Italy?  Was the Spaniel Club unknown?  Was there no law which
decreed death to the topknot, which cherished the curled ear,
protected the feathered foot, and insisted absolutely that the brow
must be domed but not pointed?  Apparently not.  Flush felt himself
like a prince in exile.  He was the sole aristocrat among a crowd
of canaille.  He was the only pure-bred cocker spaniel in the whole
of Pisa.

For many years now Flush had been taught to consider himself an
aristocrat.  The law of the purple jar and of the chain had sunk
deep into his soul.  It is scarcely surprising that he was thrown
off his balance.  A Howard or a Cavendish set down among a swarm of
natives in mud huts can hardly be blamed if now and again he
remembers Chatsworth and muses regretfully over red carpets and
galleries daubed with coronets as the sunset blazes down through
painted windows.  There was an element, it must be admitted, of the
snob in Flush; Miss Mitford had detected it years ago; and the
sentiment, subdued in London among equals and superiors, returned
to him now that he felt himself unique.  He became overbearing and
impudent.  "Flush has grown an absolute monarch and barks one
distracted when he wants a door opened," Mrs. Browning wrote.
"Robert," she continued, "declares that the said Flush considers
him, my husband, to be created for the especial purpose of doing
him service, and really it looks rather like it."

"Robert," "my husband"--if Flush had changed, so had Miss Barrett.
It was not merely that she called herself Mrs. Browning now; that
she flashed the gold ring on her hand in the sun; she was changed,
as much as Flush was changed.  Flush heard her say, "Robert," "my
husband," fifty times a day, and always with a ring of pride that
made his hackles rise and his heart jump.  But it was not her
language only that had changed.  She was a different person
altogether.  Now, for instance, instead of sipping a thimbleful of
port and complaining of the headache, she tossed off a tumbler of
Chianti and slept the sounder.  There was a flowering branch of
oranges on the dinner-table instead of one denuded, sour, yellow
fruit.  Then instead of driving in a barouche landau to Regent's
Park she pulled on her thick boots and scrambled over rocks.
Instead of sitting in a carriage and rumbling along Oxford Street,
they rattled off in a ramshackle fly to the borders of a lake and
looked at mountains; and when she was tired she did not hail
another cab; she sat on a stone and watched the lizards.  She
delighted in the sun; she delighted in the cold.  She threw pine
logs from the Duke's forest on to the fire if it froze.  They sat
together in the crackling blaze and snuffed up the sharp, aromatic
scent.  She was never tired of praising Italy at the expense of
England.  ". . . our poor English," she exclaimed, "want educating
into gladness.  They want refining not in the fire but in the
sunshine."  Here in Italy were freedom and life and the joy that
the sun breeds.  One never saw men fighting, or heard them
swearing; one never saw the Italians drunk;--"the faces of those
men" in Shoreditch came again before her eyes.  She was always
comparing Pisa with London and saying how much she preferred Pisa.
In the streets of Pisa pretty women could walk alone; great ladies
first emptied their own slops and then went to Court "in a blaze of
undeniable glory."  Pisa with all its bells, its mongrels, its
camels, its pine woods, was infinitely preferable to Wimpole Street
and its mahogany doors and its shoulders of mutton.  So Mrs.
Browning every day, as she tossed off her Chianti and broke another
orange from the branch, praised Italy and lamented poor, dull,
damp, sunless, joyless, expensive, conventional England.

Wilson, it is true, for a time maintained her British balance.  The
memory of butlers and basements, of front doors and curtains, was
not obliterated from her mind without an effort.  She still had the
conscience to walk out of a picture gallery "struck back by the
indecency of the Venus."  And later, when she was allowed, by the
kindness of a friend, to peep through a door at the glories of the
Grand Ducal Court, she still loyally upheld the superior glory of
St. James's.  "It . . . was all very shabby," she reported, "in
comparison with our English Court."  But even as she gazed, the
superb figure of one of the Grand Duke's bodyguard caught her eye.
Her fancy was fired; her judgment reeled; her standards toppled.
Lily Wilson fell passionately in love with Signor Righi, the
guardsman. [6]

And just as Mrs. Browning was exploring her new freedom and
delighting in the discoveries she made, so Flush too was making his
discoveries and exploring his freedom.  Before they left Pisa--in
the spring of 1847 they moved on to Florence--Flush had faced the
curious and at first upsetting truth that the laws of the Kennel
Club are not universal.  He had brought himself to face the fact
that light topknots are not necessarily fatal.  He had revised his
code accordingly.  He had acted, at first with some hesitation,
upon his new conception of canine society.  He was becoming daily
more and more democratic.  Even in Pisa, Mrs. Browning noticed,
". . . he goes out every day and speaks Italian to the little dogs."
Now in Florence the last threads of his old fetters fell from him.
The moment of liberation came one day in the Cascine.  As he raced
over the grass "like emeralds" with "the pheasants all alive and
flying," Flush suddenly bethought him of Regent's Park and its
proclamation:  Dogs must be led on chains.  Where was "must" now?
Where were chains now?  Where were park-keepers and truncheons?
Gone, with the dog-stealers and Kennel Clubs and Spaniel Clubs of a
corrupt aristocracy!  Gone with four-wheelers and hansom cabs! with
Whitechapel and Shoreditch!  He ran, he raced; his coat flashed;
his eyes blazed.  He was the friend of all the world now.  All dogs
were his brothers.  He had no need of a chain in this new world; he
had no need of protection.  If Mr. Browning was late in going for
his walk--he and Flush were the best of friends now--Flush boldly
summoned him.  He "stands up before him and barks in the most
imperious manner possible," Mrs. Browning observed with some
irritation--for her relations with Flush were far less emotional
now than in the old days; she no longer needed his red fur and his
bright eyes to give her what her own experience lacked; she had
found Pan for herself among the vineyards and the olive trees; he
was there too beside the pine fire of an evening.  So if Mr.
Browning loitered, Flush stood up and barked; but if Mr. Browning
preferred to stay at home and write, it did not matter.  Flush was
independent now.  The wistarias and the laburnum were flowering
over walls; the Judas trees were burning bright in the gardens; the
wild tulips were sprinkled in the fields.  Why should he wait?  Off
he ran by himself.  He was his own master now.  ". . . he goes out
by himself, and stays hours together," Mrs. Browning wrote;
". . . knows every street in Florence--will have his own way in
everything.  I am never frightened at his absence," she added,
remembering with a smile those hours of agony in Wimpole Street and
the gang waiting to snatch him up under the horses' feet if she
forgot his chain in Vere Street.  Fear was unknown in Florence;
there were no dog-stealers here and, she may have sighed, there
were no fathers.

But, to speak candidly, it was not to stare at pictures, to
penetrate into dark churches and look up at dim frescoes, that
Flush scampered off when the door of Casa Guidi was left open.  It
was to enjoy something, it was in search of something denied him
all these years.  Once the hunting horn of Venus had blown its wild
music over the Berkshire fields; he had loved Mr. Partridge's dog;
she had borne him a child.  Now he heard the same voice pealing
down the narrow streets of Florence, but more imperiously, more
impetuously, after all these years of silence.  Now Flush knew what
men can never know--love pure, love simple, love entire; love that
brings no train of care in its wake; that has no shame; no remorse;
that is here, that is gone, as the bee on the flower is here and is
gone.  Today the flower is a rose, tomorrow a lily; now it is the
wild thistle on the moor, now the pouched and portentous orchid of
the conservatory.  So variously, so carelessly Flush embraced the
spotted spaniel down the alley, and the brindled dog and the yellow
dog--it did not matter which.  To Flush it was all the same.  He
followed the horn wherever the horn blew and the wind wafted it.
Love was all; love was enough.  No one blamed him for his
escapades.  Mr. Browning merely laughed--"Quite disgraceful for a
respectable dog like him"--when Flush returned very late at night
or early the next morning.  And Mrs. Browning laughed too, as Flush
flung himself down on the bedroom floor and slept soundly upon the
arms of the Guidi family inlaid in scagliola.

For at Casa Guidi the rooms were bare.  All those draped objects of
his cloistered and secluded days had vanished.  The bed was a bed;
the wash-stand was a wash-stand.  Everything was itself and not
another thing.  The drawing-room was large and sprinkled with a few
old carved chairs of ebony.  Over the fire hung a mirror with two
cupids to hold the lights.  Mrs. Browning herself had discarded her
Indian shawls.  She wore a cap made of some thin bright silk that
her husband liked.  Her hair was brushed in a new way.  And when
the sun had gone down and the shutters had been raised she paced
the balcony dressed in thin white muslin.  She loved to sit there
looking, listening, watching the people in the street.

They had not been long in Florence before one night there was such
a shouting and trampling in the street that they ran to the balcony
to see what was happening.  A vast crowd was surging underneath.
They were carrying banners and shouting and singing.  All the
windows were full of faces; all the balconies were full of figures.
The people in the windows were tossing flowers and laurel leaves on
to the people in the street; and the people in the street--grave
men, gay young women--were kissing each other and raising their
babies to the people in the balconies.  Mr. and Mrs. Browning leant
over the balustrade and clapped and clapped.  Banner after banner
passed.  The torches flashed their light on them.  "Liberty" was
written on one; "The Union of Italy" on another; and "The Memory of
the Martyrs" and "Viva Pio Nono" and "Viva Leopoldo Secondo"--for
three and a half hours the banners went by and the people cheered
and Mr. and Mrs. Browning stood with six candles burning on the
balcony, waving and waving.  For some time Flush too, stretched
between them with his paws over the sill, did his best to rejoice.
But at last--he could not conceal it--he yawned.  "He confessed at
last that he thought they were rather long about it," Mrs. Browning
observed.  A weariness, a doubt, a ribaldry possessed him.  What
was it all for? he asked himself.  Who was this Grand Duke and what
had he promised?  Why were they all so absurdly excited?--for the
ardour of Mrs. Browning, waving and waving, as the banners passed,
somehow annoyed him.  Such enthusiasm for a Grand Duke was
exaggerated, he felt.  And then, as the Grand Duke passed, he
became aware that a little dog had stopped at the door.  Seizing
his chance when Mrs. Browning was more than usually enthusiastic,
he slipped down from the balcony and made off.  Through the banners
and the crowds he followed her.  She fled further and further into
the heart of Florence.  Far away sounded the shouting; the cheers
of the people died down into silence.  The lights of the torches
were extinguished.  Only a star or two shone in the ripples of the
Arno where Flush lay with the spotted spaniel by his side, couched
in the shell of an old basket on the mud.  There tranced in love
they lay till the sun rose in the sky.  Flush did not return until
nine next morning, and Mrs. Browning greeted him rather ironically--
he might at least, she thought, have remembered that it was the
first anniversary of her wedding day.  But she supposed "he had
been very much amused."  It was true.  While she had found an
inexplicable satisfaction in the trampling of forty thousand
people, in the promises of Grand Dukes and the windy aspirations of
banners, Flush infinitely preferred the little dog at the door.

It cannot be doubted that Mrs. Browning and Flush were reaching
different conclusions in their voyages of discovery--she a Grand
Duke, he a spotted spaniel;--and yet the tie which bound them
together was undeniably still binding.  No sooner had Flush
abolished "must" and raced free through the emerald grass of the
Cascine gardens where the pheasants fluttered red and gold, than he
felt a check.  Once more he was thrown back on his haunches.  At
first it was nothing--a hint merely--only that Mrs. Browning in the
spring of 1849 became busy with her needle.  And yet there was
something in the sight that gave Flush pause.  She was not used to
sew.  He noted that Wilson moved a bed and she opened a drawer to
put white clothes inside it.  Raising his head from the tiled
floor, he looked, he listened attentively.  Was something once more
about to happen?  He looked anxiously for signs of trunks and
packing.  Was there to be another flight, another escape?  But an
escape to what, from what?  There is nothing to be afraid of here,
he assured Mrs. Browning.  They need neither of them worry
themselves in Florence about Mr. Taylor and dogs' heads wrapped up
in brown paper parcels.  Yet he was puzzled.  The signs of change,
as he read them, did not signify escape.  They signified, much more
mysteriously, expectance.  Something, he felt, as he watched Mrs.
Browning so composedly, yet silently and steadfastly, stitching in
her low chair, was coming that was inevitable; yet to be dreaded.
As the weeks went on, Mrs. Browning scarcely left the house.  She
seemed, as she sat there, to anticipate some tremendous event.  Was
she about to encounter somebody, like the ruffian Taylor, and let
him rain blows on her alone and unaided?  Flush quivered with
apprehension at the thought.  Certainly she had no intention of
running away.  No boxes were packed.  There was no sign that
anybody was about to leave the house--rather there were signs that
somebody was coming.  In his jealous anxiety Flush scrutinised each
new-comer.  There were many now--Miss Blagden, Mr. Landor, Hattie
Hosmer, Mr. Lytton--ever so many ladies and gentlemen now came to
Casa Guidi.  Day after day Mrs. Browning sat there in her armchair
quietly stitching.

Then one day early in March Mrs. Browning did not appear in the
sitting-room at all.  Other people came in and out; Mr. Browning
and Wilson came in and out; and they came in and out so
distractedly that Flush hid himself under the sofa.  People were
trampling up and down stairs, running and calling in low whispers
and muted unfamiliar voices.  They were moving upstairs in the
bedroom.  He crept further and further under the shadow of the
sofa.  He knew in every fibre of his body that some change was
taking place--some awful event was happening.  So he had waited,
years ago, for the step of the hooded man on the staircase.  And at
last the door had opened and Miss Barrett had cried "Mr. Browning!"
Who was coming now?  What hooded man?  As the day wore on, he was
left completely alone.  He lay in the drawing-room without food or
drink; a thousand spotted spaniels might have sniffed at the door
and he would have shrunk away from them.  For as the hours passed
he had an overwhelming sense that something was thrusting its way
into the house from outside.  He peeped out from beneath the
flounces.  The cupids holding the lights, the ebony chests, the
French chairs, all looked thrust asunder; he himself felt as if he
were being pushed up against the wall to make room for something
that he could not see.  Once he saw Mr. Browning, but he was not
the same Mr. Browning; once Wilson, but she was changed too--as if
they were both seeing the invisible presence that he felt.

At last Wilson, looking very flushed and untidy but triumphant,
took him in her arms and carried him upstairs.  They entered
the bedroom.  There was a faint bleating in the shadowed room--
something waved on the pillow.  It was a live animal.  Independently
of them all, without the street door being opened, out of herself in
the room, alone, Mrs. Browning had become two people.  The horrid
thing waved and mewed by her side.  Torn with rage and jealousy and
some deep disgust that he could not hide, Flush struggled himself
free and rushed downstairs.  Wilson and Mrs. Browning called him
back; they tempted him with caresses; they offered him titbits; but
it was useless.  He cowered away from the disgusting sight, the
repulsive presence, wherever there was a shadowy sofa or a dark
corner.  ". . . for a whole fortnight he fell into deep melancholy
and was proof against all attentions lavished on him"--so Mrs.
Browning, in the midst of all her other distractions, was forced to
notice.  And when we take, as we must, human minutes and hours and
drop them into a dog's mind and see how the minutes swell into
hours and the hours into days, we shall not exaggerate if we
conclude that Flush's "deep melancholy" lasted six full months by
the human clock. Many men and women have forgotten their hates and
their loves in less.

But Flush was no longer the unschooled, untrained dog of Wimpole
Street days.  He had learnt his lesson.  Wilson had struck him.  He
had been forced to swallow cakes that were stale when he might have
eaten them fresh; he had sworn to love and not to bite.  All this
churned in his mind as he lay under the sofa; and at last he issued
out.  Again he was rewarded.  At first, it must be admitted, the
reward was insubstantial if not positively disagreeable.  The baby
was set on his back and Flush had to trot about with the baby
pulling his ears.  But he submitted with such grace, only turning
round, when his ears were pulled, "to kiss the little bare, dimpled
feet," that, before three months had passed, this helpless, weak,
puling, muling lump had somehow come to prefer him, "on the whole"--
so Mrs. Browning said--to other people.  And then, strangely
enough, Flush found that he returned the baby's affection.  Did
they not share something in common--did not the baby somehow
resemble Flush in many ways?  Did they not hold the same views, the
same tastes?  For instance, in the matter of scenery.  To Flush all
scenery was insipid.  He had never, all these years, learnt to
focus his eyes upon mountains.  When they took him to Vallombrosa
all the splendours of its woods had merely bored him.  Now again,
when the baby was a few months old, they went on another of those
long expeditions in a travelling carriage.  The baby lay on his
nurse's lap; Flush sat on Mrs. Browning's knee.  The carriage went
on and on and on, painfully climbing the heights of the Apennines.
Mrs. Browning was almost beside herself with delight.  She could
scarcely tear herself from the window.  She could not find words
enough in the whole of the English language to express what she
felt.  ". . . the exquisite, almost visionary scenery of the
Apennines, the wonderful variety of shape and colour, the sudden
transitions and vital individuality of those mountains, the
chestnut forests dropping by their own weight into the deep
ravines, the rocks cloven and clawed by the living torrents, and
the hills, hill above hill, piling up their grand existences as if
they did it themselves, changing colour in the effort"--the beauty
of the Apennines brought words to birth in such numbers that they
positively crushed each other out of existence.  But the baby and
Flush felt none of this stimulus, none of this inadequacy.  Both
were silent.  Flush drew "in his head from the window and didn't
consider it worth looking at. . . .  He has a supreme contempt for
trees and hills or anything of that kind," Mrs. Browning concluded.
The carriage rumbled on.  Flush slept and the baby slept.  Then at
last there were lights and houses and men and women passing the
windows.  They had entered a village.  Instantly Flush was all
attention.  ". . . his eyes were starting out of his head with
eagerness; he looked east, he looked west, you would conclude that
he was taking notes or preparing them."  It was the human scene
that stirred him, not beauty.  Beauty, so it seems at least, had to
be crystallised into a green or violet powder and puffed by some
celestial syringe down the fringed channels that lay behind his
nostrils before it touched Flush's senses; and then it issued not
in words, but in a silent rapture.  Where Mrs. Browning saw, he
smelt; where she wrote, he snuffed.

Here, then, the biographer must perforce come to a pause.  Where
two or three thousand words are insufficient for what we see--and
Mrs. Browning had to admit herself beaten by the Apennines:  "Of
these things I cannot give you any idea," she admitted--there are
no more than two words and perhaps one-half for what we smell.  The
human nose is practically non-existent.  The greatest poets in the
world have smelt nothing but roses on the one hand, and dung on the
other.  The infinite gradations that lie between are unrecorded.
Yet it was in the world of smell that Flush mostly lived.  Love was
chiefly smell; form and colour were smell; music and architecture,
law, politics and science were smell.  To him religion itself was
smell.  To describe his simplest experience with the daily chop or
biscuit is beyond our power.  Not even Mr. Swinburne could have
said what the smell of Wimpole Street meant to Flush on a hot
afternoon in June.  As for describing the smell of a spaniel mixed
with the smell of torches, laurels, incense, banners, wax candles
and a garland of rose leaves crushed by a satin heel that has been
laid up in camphor, perhaps Shakespeare, had he paused in the
middle of writing Antony and Cleopatra--But Shakespeare did not
pause.  Confessing our inadequacy, then, we can but note that to
Flush Italy, in these the fullest, the freest, the happiest years
of his life, meant mainly a succession of smells.  Love, it must be
supposed, was gradually losing its appeal.  Smell remained.  Now
that they were established in Casa Guidi again, all had their
avocations.  Mr. Browning wrote regularly in one room; Mrs.
Browning wrote regularly in another.  The baby played in the
nursery.  But Flush wandered off into the streets of Florence to
enjoy the rapture of smell.  He threaded his path through main
streets and back streets, through squares and alleys, by smell.  He
nosed his way from smell to smell; the rough, the smooth, the dark,
the golden.  He went in and out, up and down, where they beat
brass, where they bake bread, where the women sit combing their
hair, where the bird-cages are piled high on the causeway, where
the wine spills itself in dark red stains on the pavement, where
leather smells and harness and garlic, where cloth is beaten, where
vine leaves tremble, where men sit and drink and spit and dice--he
ran in and out, always with his nose to the ground, drinking in the
essence; or with his nose in the air vibrating with the aroma.  He
slept in this hot patch of sun--how sun made the stone reek! he
sought that tunnel of shade--how acid shade made the stone smell!
He devoured whole bunches of ripe grapes largely because of their
purple smell; he chewed and spat out whatever tough relic of goat
or macaroni the Italian housewife had thrown from the balcony--goat
and macaroni were raucous smells, crimson smells.  He followed the
swooning sweetness of incense into the violet intricacies of dark
cathedrals; and, sniffing, tried to lap the gold on the window-
stained tomb.  Nor was his sense of touch much less acute.  He knew
Florence in its marmoreal smoothness and in its gritty and cobbled
roughness.  Hoary folds of drapery, smooth fingers and feet of
stone received the lick of his tongue, the quiver of his shivering
snout.  Upon the infinitely sensitive pads of his feet he took the
clear stamp of proud Latin inscriptions.  In short, he knew
Florence as no human being has ever known it; as Ruskin never knew
it or George Eliot either.  He knew it as only the dumb know.  Not
a single one of his myriad sensations ever submitted itself to the
deformity of words.

But though it would be pleasant for the biographer to infer that
Flush's life in late middle age was an orgy of pleasure
transcending all description; to maintain that while the baby day
by day picked up a new word and thus removed sensation a little
further beyond reach, Flush was fated to remain for ever in a
Paradise where essences exist in their utmost purity, and the naked
soul of things presses on the naked nerve--it would not be true.
Flush lived in no such Paradise.  The spirit, ranging from star to
star, the bird whose furthest flight over polar snows or tropical
forests never brings it within sight of human houses and their
curling wood-smoke, may, for anything we know, enjoy such immunity,
such integrity of bliss.  But Flush had lain upon human knees and
heard men's voices.  His flesh was veined with human passions; he
knew all grades of jealousy, anger and despair.  Now in summer he
was scourged by fleas. [7]  With a cruel irony the sun that ripened
the grapes brought also the fleas.  ". . . Savonarola's martyrdom
here in Florence," wrote Mrs. Browning, "is scarcely worse than
Flush's in the summer."  Fleas leapt to life in every corner of the
Florentine houses; they skipped and hopped out of every cranny of
the old stone; out of every fold of old tapestry; out of every
cloak, hat and blanket.  They nested in Flush's fur.  They bit
their way into the thickest of his coat.  He scratched and tore.
His health suffered; he became morose, thin and feverish.  Miss
Mitford was appealed to.  What remedy was there, Mrs. Browning
wrote anxiously, for fleas?  Miss Mitford, still sitting in her
greenhouse at Three Mile Cross, still writing tragedies, put down
her pen and looked up her old prescriptions--what Mayflower had
taken, what Rosebud.  But the fleas of Reading die at a pinch.  The
fleas of Florence are red and virile.  To them Miss Mitford's
powders might well have been snuff.  In despair Mr. and Mrs.
Browning went down on their knees beside a pail of water and did
their best to exorcise the pest with soap and scrubbing-brush.  It
was in vain.  At last one day Mr. Browning, taking Flush for a
walk, noticed that people pointed; he heard one man lay a finger to
his nose and whisper "La rogna" (mange).  As by this time "Robert
is as fond of Flush as I am," to take his walk of an afternoon with
a friend and to hear him thus stigmatised was intolerable.  Robert,
his wife wrote, "wouldn't bear it any longer."  Only one remedy
remained, but it was a remedy that was almost as drastic as the
disease itself.  However democratic Flush had become and careless
of the signs of rank, he still remained what Philip Sidney had
called him, a gentleman by birth.  He carried his pedigree on his
back.  His coat meant to him what a gold watch inscribed with the
family arms means to an impoverished squire whose broad acres have
shrunk to that single circle.  It was the coat that Mr. Browning
now proposed to sacrifice.  He called Flush to him and, "taking a
pair of scissors, clipped him all over into the likeness of a
lion."

As Robert Browning snipped, as the insignia of a cocker spaniel
fell to the floor, as the travesty of quite a different animal rose
round his neck, Flush felt himself emasculated, diminished,
ashamed.  What am I now? he thought, gazing into the glass.  And
the glass replied with the brutal sincerity of glasses, "You are
nothing."  He was nobody.  Certainly he was no longer a cocker
spaniel.  But as he gazed, his ears bald now, and uncurled, seemed
to twitch.  It was as if the potent spirits of truth and laughter
were whispering in them.  To be nothing--is that not, after all,
the most satisfactory state in the whole world?  He looked again.
There was his ruff.  To caricature the pomposity of those who claim
that they are something--was that not in its way a career?  Anyhow,
settle the matter as he might, there could be no doubt that he was
free from fleas.  He shook his ruff.  He danced on his nude,
attenuated legs.  His spirits rose.  So might a great beauty,
rising from a bed of sickness and finding her face eternally
disfigured, make a bonfire of clothes and cosmetics, and laugh with
joy to think that she need never look in the glass again or dread a
lover's coolness or a rival's beauty.  So might a clergyman, cased
for twenty years in starch and broadcloth, cast his collar into the
dustbin and snatch the works of Voltaire from the cupboard.  So
Flush scampered off clipped all over into the likeness of a lion,
but free from fleas.  "Flush," Mrs. Browning wrote to her sister,
"is wise."  She was thinking perhaps of the Greek saying that
happiness is only to be reached through suffering.  The true
philosopher is he who has lost his coat but is free from fleas.

But Flush had not long to wait before his newly-won philosophy was
put to the test.  Again in the summer of 1852 there were signs at
Casa Guidi of one of those crises which, gathering soundlessly as a
drawer opens or as a piece of string is left dangling from a box,
are to a dog as menacing as the clouds which foretell lightning to
a shepherd or as the rumours which foretell war to a statesman.
Another change was indicated, another journey.  Well, what of that?
Trunks were hauled down and corded.  The baby was carried out in
his nurse's arms.  Mr. and Mrs. Browning appeared, dressed
for travelling.  There was a cab at the door.  Flush waited
philosophically in the hall.  When they were ready he was ready.
Now that they were all seated in the carriage with one bound Flush
sprang lightly in after them.  To Venice, to Rome, to Paris--where
were they going?  All countries were equal to him now; all men were
his brothers.  He had learnt that lesson at last.  But when finally
he emerged from obscurity he had need of all his philosophy--he was
in London.

Houses spread to right and left in sharp avenues of regular brick.
The pavement was cold and hard beneath his feet.  And there,
issuing from a mahogany door with a brass knocker, was a lady
bountifully apparelled in flowing robes of purple plush.  A light
wreath starred with flowers rested on her hair.  Gathering her
draperies about her, she glanced disdainfully up and down the
street while a footman, stooping, let down the step of the barouche
landau.  All Welbeck Street--for Welbeck Street it was--was wrapped
in a splendour of red light--a light not clear and fierce like the
Italian light, but tawny and troubled with the dust of a million
wheels, with the trampling of a million hooves.  The London season
was at its height.  A pall of sound, a cloud of interwoven humming,
fell over the city in one confluent growl.  By came a majestic
deerhound led on a chain by a page.  A policeman swinging past with
rhythmical stride, cast his bull's-eye from side to side.  Odours
of stew, odours of beef, odours of basting, odours of beef and
cabbage rose from a thousand basements.  A flunkey in livery
dropped a letter into a box.

Overcome by the magnificence of the metropolis, Flush paused for a
moment with his foot on the doorstep.  Wilson paused too.  How
paltry it seemed now, the civilisation of Italy, its Courts and its
revolutions, its Grand Dukes and their bodyguards!  She thanked
God, as the policeman passed, that she had not married Signor Righi
after all.  And then a sinister figure issued from the public-house
at the corner.  A man leered.  With one spring Flush bolted
indoors.

For some weeks now he was closely confined to a lodging-house
sitting-room in Welbeck Street.  For confinement was still
necessary.  The cholera had come, and it is true that the cholera
had done something to improve the condition of the Rookeries; but
not enough, for still dogs were stolen and the dogs of Wimpole
Street had still to be led on chains.  Flush went into society, of
course.  He met dogs at the pillar-box and outside the public-
house; and they welcomed him back with the inherent good breeding
of their kind.  Just as an English peer who has lived a lifetime in
the East and contracted some of the habits of the natives--rumour
hints indeed that he has turned Moslem and had a son by a Chinese
washerwoman--finds, when he takes his place at Court, that old
friends are ready enough to overlook these aberrations and he is
asked to Chatsworth, though no mention is made of his wife and it
is taken for granted that he will join the family at prayers--so
the pointers and setters of Wimpole Street welcomed Flush among
them and overlooked the condition of his coat.  But there was a
certain morbidity, it seemed to Flush now, among the dogs of
London.  It was common knowledge that Mrs. Carlyle's dog Nero had
leapt from a top-storey window with the intention of committing
suicide. [8]  He had found the strain of life in Cheyne Row
intolerable, it was said.  Indeed Flush could well believe it now
that he was back again in Welbeck Street.  The confinement, the
crowd of little objects, the black-beetles by night, the
bluebottles by day, the lingering odours of mutton, the perpetual
presence on the sideboard of bananas--all this, together with the
proximity of several men and women, heavily dressed and not often
or indeed completely washed, wrought on his temper and strained his
nerves.  He lay for hours under the lodging-house chiffonier.  It
was impossible to run out of doors.  The front door was always
locked.  He had to wait for somebody to lead him on a chain.

Two incidents alone broke the monotony of the weeks he spent in
London.  One day late that summer the Brownings went to visit the
Rev. Charles Kingsley at Farnham.  In Italy the earth would have
been bare and hard as brick.  Fleas would have been rampant.
Languidly one would have dragged oneself from shadow to shadow,
grateful even for the bar of shade cast by the raised arm of one of
Donatello's statues.  But here at Farnham there were fields of
green grass; there were pools of blue water; there were woods that
murmured, and turf so fine that the paws bounced as they touched
it.  The Brownings and the Kingsleys spent the day together.  And
once more, as Flush trotted behind them, the old trumpets blew; the
old ecstasy returned--was it hare or was it fox?  Flush tore over
the heaths of Surrey as he had not run since the old days at Three
Mile Cross.  A pheasant went rocketing up in a spurt of purple and
gold.  He had almost shut his teeth on the tail feathers when a
voice rang out.  A whip cracked.  Was it the Rev. Charles Kingsley
who called him sharply to heel?  At any rate he ran no more.  The
woods of Farnham were strictly preserved.

A few days later he was lying in the sitting-room at Welbeck
Street, when Mrs. Browning came in dressed for walking and called
him from under the chiffonier.  She slipped the chain on to his
collar and, for the first time since September 1846, they walked up
Wimpole Street together.  When they came to the door of number
fifty they stopped as of old.  Just as of old they waited.  The
butler just as of old was very slow in coming.  At length the door
opened.  Could that be Catiline lying couched on the mat?  The old
toothless dog yawned and stretched himself and took no notice.
Upstairs they crept as stealthily, as silently as once before they
had come down.  Very quietly, opening the doors as if she were
afraid of what she might see there, Mrs. Browning went from room to
room.  A gloom descended upon her as she looked.  ". . . they
seemed to me," she wrote, "smaller and darker, somehow, and the
furniture wanted fitness and convenience."  The ivy was still
tapping on the back bedroom window-pane.  The painted blind still
obscured the houses.  Nothing had been changed.  Nothing had
happened all these years.  So she went from room to room, sadly
remembering.  But long before she had finished her inspection,
Flush was in a fever of anxiety.  Suppose Mr. Barrett were to come
in and find them?  Suppose that with one frown, with one stare, he
turned the key and locked them in the back bedroom for ever?  At
last Mrs. Browning shut the doors and went downstairs again very
quietly.  Yes, she said, it seemed to her that the house wanted
cleaning.

After that, Flush had only one wish left in him--to leave London,
to leave England for ever.  He was not happy until he found himself
on the deck of the Channel steamer crossing to France.  It was a
rough passage.  The crossing took eight hours.  As the steamer
tossed and wallowed, Flush turned over in his mind a tumult of
mixed memories--of ladies in purple plush, of ragged men with bags;
of Regent's Park, and Queen Victoria sweeping past with outriders;
of the greenness of English grass and the rankness of English
pavements--all this passed through his mind as he lay on deck; and,
looking up, he caught sight of a stern, tall man leaning over the
rail.

"Mr. Carlyle!" he heard Mrs. Browning exclaim; whereupon--the
crossing, it must be remembered, was a bad one--Flush was violently
sick.  Sailors came running with pails and mops.  ". . . he was
ordered off the deck on purpose, poor dog," said Mrs. Browning.
For the deck was still English; dogs must not be sick on decks.
Such was his last salute to the shores of his native land.



CHAPTER SIX

The End


Flush was growing an old dog now.  The journey to England and all
the memories it revived had undoubtedly tired him.  It was noticed
that he sought the shade rather than the sun on his return, though
the shade of Florence was hotter than the sun of Wimpole Street.
Stretched beneath a statue, couched under the lip of a fountain for
the sake of the few drops that spurted now and again on to his
coat, he would lie dozing by the hour.  The young dogs would come
about him.  To them he would tell his stories of Whitechapel and
Wimpole Street; he would describe the smell of clover and the smell
of Oxford Street; he would rehearse his memories of one revolution
and another--how Grand Dukes had come and Grand Dukes had gone;
but the spotted spaniel down the alley on the left--she goes on for
ever, he would say.  Then violent Mr. Landor would hurry by and
shake his fist at him in mock fury; kind Miss Isa Blagden would
pause and take a sugared biscuit from her reticule.  The peasant
women in the marketplace made him a bed of leaves in the shadow of
their baskets and tossed him a bunch of grapes now and then.  He
was known, he was liked by all Florence--gentle and simple, dogs
and men.

But he was growing an old dog now, and he tended more and more to
lie not even under the fountain--for the cobbles were too hard for
his old bones--but in Mrs. Browning's bedroom where the arms of the
Guidi family made a smooth patch of scagliola on the floor, or in
the drawing-room under the shadow of the drawing-room table.  One
day shortly after his return from London he was stretched there
fast asleep.  The deep and dreamless sleep of old age was heavy on
him.  Indeed today his sleep was deeper even than usual, for as he
slept the darkness seemed to thicken round him.  If he dreamt at
all, he dreamt that he was sleeping in the heart of a primeval
forest, shut from the light of the sun, shut from the voices of
mankind, though now and again as he slept he dreamt that he heard
the sleepy chirp of a dreaming bird, or, as the wind tossed the
branches, the mellow chuckle of a brooding monkey.

Then suddenly the branches parted; the light broke in--here, there,
in dazzling shafts.  Monkeys chattered; birds rose crying and
calling in alarm.  He started to his feet wide awake.  An
astonishing commotion was all round him.  He had fallen asleep
between the bare legs of an ordinary drawing-room table.  Now he
was hemmed in by the billowing of skirts and the heaving of
trousers.  The table itself, moreover, was swaying violently from
side to side.  He did not know which way to run.  What on earth was
happening?  What in Heaven's name possessed the drawing-room table?
He lifted up his voice in a prolonged howl of interrogation.

To Flush's question no satisfactory answer can here be given.  A
few facts, and those of the baldest, are all that can be supplied.
Briefly, then, it would appear that early in the nineteenth century
the Countess of Blessington had bought a crystal ball from a
magician.  Her ladyship "never could understand the use of it";
indeed she had never been able to see anything in the ball except
crystal.  After her death, however, there was a sale of her effects
and the ball came into the possession of others who "looked deeper,
or with purer eyes," and saw other things in the ball besides
crystal.  Whether Lord Stanhope was the purchaser, whether it was
he who looked "with purer eyes," is not stated.  But certainly by
the year 1852 Lord Stanhope was in possession of a crystal ball and
Lord Stanhope had only to look into it to see among other things
"the spirits of the sun."  Obviously this was not a sight that a
hospitable nobleman could keep to himself, and Lord Stanhope was in
the habit of displaying his ball at luncheon parties and of
inviting his friends to see the spirits of the sun also.  There was
something strangely delightful--except indeed to Mr. Chorley--in
the spectacle; balls became the rage; and luckily a London optician
soon discovered that he could make them, without being either an
Egyptian or a magician, though naturally the price of English
crystal was high.  Thus many people in the early 'fifties became
possessed of balls, though "many persons," Lord Stanhope said, "use
the balls, without the moral courage to confess it."  The
prevalence of spirits in London indeed became so marked that some
alarm was felt; and Lord Stanley suggested to Sir Edward Lytton
"that the Government should appoint a committee of investigation so
as to get as far as possible at the facts."  Whether the rumour of
an approaching Government committee alarmed the spirits, or whether
spirits, like bodies, tend to multiply in close confinement,
there can be no doubt that the spirits began to show signs of
restlessness, and, escaping in vast numbers, took up their
residence in the legs of tables.  Whatever the motive, the policy
was successful.  Crystal balls were expensive; almost everybody
owns a table.  Thus when Mrs. Browning returned to Italy in the
winter of 1852 she found that the spirits had preceded her; the
tables of Florence were almost universally infected.  "From the
Legation to the English chemists," she wrote, "people are 'serving
tables' . . . everywhere.  When people gather round a table it
isn't to play whist."  No, it was to decipher messages conveyed by
the legs of tables.  Thus if asked the age of a child, the table
"expresses itself intelligently by knocking with its legs,
responses according to the alphabet."  And if a table could tell
you that your own child was four years old, what limit was there to
its capacity?  Spinning tables were advertised in shops.  The walls
were placarded with advertisements of wonders "scoperte a Livorno."
By the year 1854, so rapidly did the movement spread, "four hundred
thousand families in America had given their names . . . as
actually in enjoyment of spiritual intercourse."  And from England
the news came that Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton had imported "several
of the American rapping spirits" to Knebworth, with the happy
result--so little Arthur Russell was informed when he beheld a
"strange-looking old gentleman in a shabby dressing-gown" staring
at him at breakfast--that Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton believed himself
invisible. [9]

When Mrs. Browning first looked into Lord Stanhope's crystal ball
at a luncheon party she saw nothing--except indeed that it was a
remarkable sign of the times.  The spirit of the sun indeed told
her that she was about to go to Rome; but as she was not about to
go to Rome, she contradicted the spirits of the sun.  "But," she
added, with truth, "I love the marvellous."  She was nothing if not
adventurous.  She had gone to Manning Street at the risk of her
life.  She had discovered a world that she had never dreamt of
within half an hour's drive from Wimpole Street.  Why should there
not be another world only half a moment's flight from Florence--a
better world, a more beautiful world, where the dead live, trying
in vain to reach us?  At any rate she would take the risk.  And so
she sat herself down at the table too.  And Mr. Lytton, the
brilliant son of an invisible father, came; and Mr. Frederick
Tennyson, and Mr. Powers and M. Villari--they all sat at the table
and then when the table had done kicking, they sat on drinking tea
and eating strawberries and cream, with "Florence dissolving in the
purple of the hills and the stars looking on," talking and talking:
". . . what stories we told, and what miracles we swore to!  Oh, we
are believers here, Isa, except Robert. . . ."  Then in burst deaf
Mr. Kirkup with his bleak white beard.  He had come round simply to
exclaim, "There is a spiritual world--there is a future state.  I
confess it.  I am convinced at last."  And when Mr. Kirkup, whose
creed had always been "the next thing to atheism," was converted
merely because, in spite of his deafness, he had heard "three taps
so loud that they made him leap," how could Mrs. Browning keep her
hands off the table?  "You know I am rather a visionary and
inclined to knock round at all the doors of the present world to
try to get out," she wrote.  So she summoned the faithful to Casa
Guidi; and there they sat with their hands on the drawing-room
table, trying to get out.

Flush started up in the wildest apprehension.  The skirts and the
trousers were billowing round him; the table was standing on one
leg.  But whatever the ladies and gentlemen round the table could
hear and see, Flush could hear and see nothing.  True, the table
was standing on one leg, but so tables will if you lean hard on one
side.  He had upset tables himself and been well scolded for it.
But now there was Mrs. Browning with her great eyes wide open
staring as if she saw something marvellous outside.  Flush rushed
to the balcony and looked over.  Was there another Grand Duke
riding by with banners and torches?  Flush could see nothing but an
old beggar woman crouched at the corner of the street over her
basket of melons.  Yet clearly Mrs. Browning saw something; clearly
she saw something that was very wonderful.  So in the old Wimpole
Street days she had wept once without any reason that he could see;
and again she had laughed, holding up a blotted scrawl.  But this
was different.  There was something in her look now that frightened
him.  There was something in the room, or in the table, or in the
petticoats and trousers, that he disliked exceedingly.

As the weeks passed, this preoccupation of Mrs. Browning's with the
invisible grew upon her.  It might be a fine hot day, but instead
of watching the lizards slide in and out of the stones, she would
sit at the table; it might be a dark starry night, but instead of
reading in her book, or passing her hand over paper, she would
call, if Mr. Browning were out, for Wilson, and Wilson would come
yawning.  Then they would sit at the table together until that
article of furniture, whose chief function it was to provide shade,
kicked on the floor, and Mrs. Browning exclaimed that it was
telling Wilson that she would soon be ill.  Wilson replied that she
was only sleepy.  But soon Wilson herself, the implacable, the
upright, the British, screamed and went into a faint, and Mrs.
Browning was rushing hither and thither to find "the hygienic
vinegar."  That, to Flush, was a highly unpleasant way of spending
a quiet evening.  Better far to sit and read one's book.

Undoubtedly the suspense, the intangible but disagreeable odour,
the kicks and the screams and the vinegar, told upon Flush's
nerves.  It was all very well for the baby, Penini, to pray "that
Flush's hair may grow"; that was an aspiration that Flush could
understand.  But this form of prayer which required the presence of
evil-smelling, seedy-looking men and the antics of a piece of
apparently solid mahogany, angered him much as they angered that
robust, sensible, well-dressed man, his master.  But far worse than
any smell to Flush, far worse than any antics, was the look on Mrs.
Browning's face when she gazed out of the window as if she were
seeing something that was wonderful when there was nothing.  Flush
stood himself in front of her.  She looked through him as if he
were not there.  That was the cruellest look she had ever given
him.  It was worse than her cold anger when he bit Mr. Browning in
the leg; worse than her sardonic laughter when the door shut upon
his paw in Regent's Park.  There were moments indeed when he
regretted Wimpole Street and its tables.  The tables at No. 50 had
never tilted upon one leg.  The little table with the ring round it
that held her precious ornaments had always stood perfectly still.
In those far-off days he had only to leap on her sofa and Miss
Barrett started wide-awake and looked at him.  Now, once more, he
leapt on to her sofa.  But she did not notice him.  She was
writing.  She paid no attention to him.  She went on writing--
"also, at the request of the medium, the spiritual hands took from
the table a garland which lay there, and placed it upon my head.
The particular hand which did this was of the largest human size,
as white as snow, and very beautiful.  It was as near to me as this
hand I write with, and I saw it as distinctly."  Flush pawed her
sharply.  She looked through him as if he were invisible.  He leapt
off the sofa and ran downstairs into the street.

It was a blazing hot afternoon.  The old beggar woman at the corner
had fallen asleep over her melons.  The sun seemed droning in the
air.  Keeping to the shady side of the street, Flush trotted along
the well-known ways to the market-place.  The whole square was
brilliant with awnings and stalls and bright umbrellas.  The market
women were sitting beside baskets of fruit; pigeons were
fluttering, bells were pealing, whips were cracking.  The many-
coloured mongrels of Florence were running in and out sniffing and
pawing.  All was as brisk as a beehive and as hot as an oven.
Flush sought the shade.  He flung himself down beside his friend
Catterina, under the shadow of her great basket.  A brown jar of
red and yellow flowers cast a shadow beside it.  Above them a
statue, holding his right arm outstretched, deepened the shade to
violet.  Flush lay there in the cool, watching the young dogs busy
with their own affairs.  They were snarling and biting, stretching
and tumbling, in all the abandonment of youthful joy.  They were
chasing each other in and out, round and round, as he had once
chased the spotted spaniel in the alley.  His thoughts turned to
Reading for a moment--to Mr. Partridge's spaniel, to his first
love, to the ecstasies and innocences of youth.  Well, he had had
his day.  He did not grudge them theirs.  He had found the world a
pleasant place to live in.  He had no quarrel with it now.  The
market woman scratched him behind the ear.  She had often cuffed
him for stealing a grape, or for some other misdemeanour; but he
was old now; and she was old.  He guarded her melons and she
scratched his ear.  So she knitted and he dozed.  The flies buzzed
on the great pink melon that had been sliced open to show its
flesh.

The sun burnt deliciously through the lily leaves, and through the
green and white umbrella.  The marble statue tempered its heat to a
champagne freshness.  Flush lay and let it burn through his fur to
the naked skin.  And when he was roasted on one side he turned over
and let the sun roast the other.  All the time the market people
were chattering and bargaining; market women were passing; they
were stopping and fingering the vegetables and the fruit.  There
was a perpetual buzz and hum of human voices such as Flush loved to
listen to.  After a time he drowsed off under the shadow of the
lilies.  He slept as dogs sleep when they are dreaming.  Now his
legs twitched--was he dreaming that he hunted rabbits in Spain?
Was he coursing up a hot hill-side with dark men shouting "Span!
Span!" as the rabbits darted from the brushwood?  Then he lay still
again.  And now he yelped, quickly, softly, many times in
succession.  Perhaps he heard Dr. Mitford egging his greyhounds on
to the hunt at Reading.  Then his tail wagged sheepishly.  Did he
hear old Miss Mitford cry, "Bad dog!  Bad dog!" as he slunk back to
her, where she stood among the turnips waving her umbrella?  And
then he lay for a time snoring, wrapt in the deep sleep of happy
old age.  Suddenly every muscle in his body twitched.  He woke with
a violent start.  Where did he think he was?  In Whitechapel among
the ruffians?  Was the knife at his throat again?

Whatever it was, he woke from his dream in a state of terror.  He
made off as if he were flying to safety, as if he were seeking
refuge.  The market women laughed and pelted him with rotten grapes
and called him back.  He took no notice.  Cart-wheels almost
crushed him as he darted through the streets--the men standing up
to drive cursed him and flicked him with their whips.  Half-naked
children threw pebbles at him and shouted "Matta!  Matta!" as he
fled past.  Their mothers ran to the door and caught them back in
alarm.  Had he then gone mad?  Had the sun turned his brain?  Or
had he once more heard the hunting horn of Venus?  Or had one of
the American rapping spirits, one of the spirits that live in table
legs, got possession of him at last?  Whatever it was, he went in a
bee-line up one street and down another until he reached the door
of Casa Guidi.  He made his way straight upstairs and went straight
into the drawing-room.

Mrs. Browning was lying, reading, on the sofa.  She looked up,
startled, as he came in.  It was not a spirit--it was only Flush.
She laughed.  Then, as he leapt on to the sofa and thrust his face
into hers, the words of her own poem came into her mind:


     You see this dog.  It was but yesterday
     I mused forgetful of his presence here
     Till thought on thought drew downward tear on tear,
     When from the pillow, where wet-cheeked I lay,
     A head as hairy as Faunus, thrust its way
     Right sudden against my face,--two golden-clear
     Great eyes astonished mine,--a drooping ear
     Did flap me on either cheek to dry the spray!
     I started first, as some Arcadian,
     Amazed by goatly god in twilight grove;
     But, as the bearded vision closelier ran
     My tears off, I knew Flush, and rose above
     Surprise and sadness,--thanking the true Pan,
     Who, by low creatures, leads to heights of love.


She had written that poem one day years ago in Wimpole Street when
she was very unhappy.  Years had passed; now she was happy.  She
was growing old now and so was Flush.  She bent down over him for a
moment.  Her face with its wide mouth and its great eyes and its
heavy curls was still oddly like his.  Broken asunder, yet made in
the same mould, each, perhaps, completed what was dormant in the
other.  But she was woman; he was dog.  Mrs. Browning went on
reading.  Then she looked at Flush again.  But he did not look at
her.  An extraordinary change had come over him.  "Flush!" she
cried.  But he was silent.  He had been alive; he was now dead.
[10]  That was all.  The drawing-room table, strangely enough,
stood perfectly still.



Authorities


It must be admitted that there are very few authorities for the
foregoing biography.  But the reader who would like to check the
facts or to pursue the subject further is referred to:

To Flush, My Dog.  } Poems by
Flush, or Faunus.  } Elizabeth Barrett Browning.

The Letters of Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning.
2 vols.

The Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, edited by Frederick
Kenyon.  2 vols.

The Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning addressed to Richard
Hengist Horne, edited by S. R. Townshend Mayer.  2 vols.

Elizabeth Barrett Browning: letters to her sister 1846-1859, edited
by Leonard Huxley, LL.D.

Elizabeth Barrett Browning in her Letters, by Percy Lubbock.

References to Flush are to be found in the Letters of Mary Russell
Mitford, edited by H. Chorley.  2 vols.

For an account of London Rookeries, The Rookeries of London, by
Thomas Beames, 1850, may be consulted.



Notes


[1]  "painted fabric."  Miss Barrett says, "I had a transparent
blind put up in my open window."  She adds, "papa insults me with
the analogy of a back window in a confectioner's shop, but is
obviously moved when the sunshine lights up the castle,
notwithstanding."  Some hold that the castle, etc., was painted on
a thin metallic substance; others that it was a muslin blind richly
embroidered.  There seems no certain way of settling the matter.

[2]  "Mr. Kenyon mumbled slightly because he had lost two front
teeth."  There are elements of exaggeration and conjecture here.
Miss Mitford is the authority.  She is reported to have said in
conversation with Mr. Horne, "Our dear friend, you are aware, never
sees anybody but the members of her own family, and one or two
others.  She has a high opinion of the skill in READING as well as
the fine taste, of Mr. ----, and she gets him to read her new poems
aloud to her. . . .  So Mr. ---- stands upon the hearth-rug, and
uplifts the MS., and his voice, while our dear friend lies folded
up in Indian shawls upon her sofa, with her long black tresses
streaming over her bent-down head, all attention.  Now, dear
Mr. ---- has lost a front tooth--not quite a front one, but a side
front one--and this, you see, causes a defective utterance . . . an
amiable indistinctness, a vague softening of syllables into each
other, so that silence and ilence would really sound very like one
another. . . ."  There can be little doubt that Mr. ---- was Mr.
Kenyon; the blank was necessitated by the peculiar delicacy of the
Victorians with regard to teeth.  But more important questions
affecting English literature are involved.  Miss Barrett has long
been accused of a defective ear.  Miss Mitford maintains that Mr.
Kenyon should rather be accused of defective teeth.  On the other
hand, Miss Barrett herself maintained that her rhymes had nothing
to do with his lack of teeth or with her lack of ear.  "A great
deal of attention," she wrote, "--far more than it would have taken
to rhyme with complete accuracy--have I given to the subject of
rhymes and have determined in cold blood to hazard some
experiments."  Hence she rhymed "angels" with "candles," "heaven"
with "unbelieving," and "islands" with "silence"--in cold blood.
It is of course for the professors to decide; but anybody who has
studied Mrs. Browning's character and her actions will be inclined
to take the view that she was a wilful breaker of rules whether of
art or of love, and so to convict her of some complicity in the
development of modern poetry.

[3]  "yellow gloves."  It is recorded in Mrs. Orr's Life of
Browning that he wore lemon-coloured gloves.  Mrs. Bridell-Fox,
meeting him in 1835-6, says, "he was then slim and dark, and very
handsome, and--may I hint it--just a trifle of a dandy, addicted to
lemon-coloured kid gloves and such things."

[4]  "He was stolen."  As a matter of fact, Flush was stolen three
times; but the unities seem to require that the three stealings
shall be compressed into one.  The total sum paid by Miss Barrett
to the dog-stealers was £20.

[5]  "The faces of those men were to come back to her on a sunny
balcony in Italy."  Readers of Aurora Leigh--but since such persons
are nonexistent it must be explained that Mrs. Browning wrote a
poem of this name, one of the most vivid passages in which (though
it suffers from the distortion natural to an artist who sees the
object once only from a four-wheeler, with Wilson tugging at her
skirts) is the description of a London slum.  Clearly Mrs. Browning
possessed a fund of curiosity as to human life which was by no
means satisfied by the busts of Homer and Chaucer on the washing-
stand in the bedroom.

[6]  "Lily Wilson fell in love with Signor Righi, the guardsman."
The life of Lily Wilson is extremely obscure and thus cries aloud
for the services of a biographer.  No human figure in the Browning
letters, save the principals, more excites our curiosity and
baffles it.  Her Christian name was Lily, her surname Wilson.  That
is all we know of her birth and upbringing.  Whether she was the
daughter of a farmer in the neighbourhood of Hope End, and became
favourably known to the Barrett cook by the decency of her
demeanour and the cleanliness of her apron, so much so that when
she came up to the great house on some errand, Mrs. Barrett made an
excuse to come into the room just then and thought so well of her
that she appointed her to be Miss Elizabeth's maid; or whether she
was a Cockney; or whether she was from Scotland--it is impossible
to say.  At any rate she was in service with Miss Barrett in the
year 1846.  She was "an expensive servant"--her wages were £16 a
year.  Since she spoke almost as seldom as Flush, the outlines of
her character are little known; and since Miss Barrett never wrote
a poem about her, her appearance is far less familiar than his.
Yet it is clear from indications in the letters that she was in the
beginning one of those demure, almost inhumanly correct British
maids who were at that time the glory of the British basement.  It
is obvious that Wilson was a stickler for rights and ceremonies.
Wilson undoubtedly revered "the room"; Wilson would have been the
first to insist that under servants must eat their pudding in one
place, upper servants in another.  All this is implicit in the
remark she made when she beat Flush with her hand "because it is
right."  Such respect for convention, it need hardly be said,
breeds extreme horror of any breach of it; so that when Wilson was
confronted with the lower orders in Manning Street she was far more
alarmed, and far more certain that the dog-stealers were murderers,
than Miss Barrett was.  At the same time the heroic way in which
she overcame her terror and went with Miss Barrett in the cab shows
how deeply the other convention of loyalty to her mistress was
ingrained in her.  Where Miss Barrett went, Wilson must go too.
This principle was triumphantly demonstrated by her conduct at the
time of the elopement.  Miss Barrett had been doubtful of Wilson's
courage; but her doubts were unfounded.  "Wilson," she wrote--and
these were the last words she ever wrote to Mr. Browning as Miss
Barrett--"has been perfect to me.  And _I_ . . . calling her
'timid' and afraid of her timidity!  I begin to think that none
are so bold as the timid, when they are fairly roused."  It is
worth, parenthetically, dwelling for a second on the extreme
precariousness of a servant's life.  If Wilson had not gone with
Miss Barrett, she would have been, as Miss Barrett knew, "turned
into the street before sunset," with only a few shillings,
presumably, saved from her sixteen pounds a year.  And what then
would have been her fate?  Since English fiction in the 'forties
scarcely deals with the lives of ladies' maids, and biography had
not then cast its searchlight so low, the question must remain a
question.  But Wilson took the plunge.  She declared that she would
"go anywhere in the world with me."  She left the basement, the
room, the whole of that world of Wimpole Street, which to Wilson
meant all civilisation, all right thinking and decent living, for
the wild debauchery and irreligion of a foreign land.  Nothing is
more curious than to observe the conflict that took place in Italy
between Wilson's English gentility and her natural passions.  She
derided the Italian Court; she was shocked by Italian pictures.
But, though "she was struck back by the indecency of the Venus,"
Wilson, greatly to her credit, seems to have bethought her that
women are naked when they take their clothes off.  Even I myself,
she may have thought, am naked for two or three seconds daily.  And
so "She thinks she shall try again, and the troublesome modesty may
subside, who knows?"  That it did subside rapidly is plain.  Soon
she not merely approved of Italy; she had fallen in love with
Signor Righi of the Grand Ducal bodyguard--"all highly respectable
and moral men, and some six feet high"--was wearing an engagement
ring; was dismissing a London suitor; and was learning to speak
Italian.  Then the clouds descend again; when they lift they show
us Wilson deserted--"the faithless Righi had backed out of his
engagement to Wilson."  Suspicion attaches to his brother, a
wholesale haberdasher at Prato.  When Righi resigned from the Ducal
bodyguard, he became, on his brother's advice, a retail haberdasher
at Prato.  Whether his position required a knowledge of
haberdashery in his wife, whether one of the girls of Prato could
supply it, it is certain that he did not write to Wilson as often
as he should have done.  But what conduct it was on the part of
this highly respectable and moral man that led Mrs. Browning to
exclaim in 1850, "[Wilson] is OVER it completely, which does the
greatest credit to her good sense and rectitude of character.  How
could she continue to love such a man?"--why Righi had shrunk to
"such a man" in so short a time, it is impossible to say.  Deserted
by Righi, Wilson became more and more attached to the Browning
family.  She discharged not only the duties of a lady's maid, but
cooked knead cakes, made dresses, and became a devoted nurse to
Penini, the baby; so that in time the baby himself exalted her to
the rank of the family, where she justly belonged, and refused to
call her anything but Lily.  In 1855 Wilson married Romagnoli, the
Brownings' manservant, "a good tender-hearted man"; and for some
time the two kept house for the Brownings.  But in 1859 Robert
Browning "accepted office as Landor's guardian," an office of great
delicacy and responsibility, for Landor's habits were difficult;
"of restraint he has not a grain," Mrs. Browning wrote, "and of
suspiciousness many grains."  In these circumstances Wilson was
appointed "his duenna" with a salary of twenty-two pounds a year
"besides what is left of his rations."  Later her wages were
increased to thirty pounds, for to act as duenna to "an old lion"
who has "the impulses of a tiger," throws his plate out of the
window or dashes it on the ground if he dislikes his dinner, and
suspects servants of opening desks, entailed, as Mrs. Browning
observed, "certain risks, and I for one would rather not meet
them."  But to Wilson, who had known Mr. Barrett and the spirits, a
few plates more or less flying out of the window or dashed upon the
floor was a matter of little consequence--such risks were all in
the day's work.

That day, so far as it is still visible to us, was certainly a
strange one.  Whether it began or not in some remote English
village, it ended in Venice in the Palazzo Rezzonico.  There at
least she was still living in the year 1897, a widow, in the house
of the little boy whom she had nursed and loved--Mr. Barrett
Browning.  A very strange day it had been, she may have thought, as
she sat in the red Venetian sunset, an old woman, dreaming.  Her
friends, married to farm hands, still stumbled up the English lanes
to fetch a pint of beer.  And she had eloped with Miss Barrett to
Italy; she had seen all kinds of queer things--revolutions,
guardsmen, spirits; Mr. Landor throwing his plate out of the
window.  Then Mrs. Browning had died--there can have been no lack
of thoughts in Wilson's old head as she sat at the window of the
Palazzo Rezzonico in the evening.  But nothing can be more vain
than to pretend that we can guess what they were, for she was
typical of the great army of her kind--the inscrutable, the all-
but-silent, the all-but-invisible servant maids of history.  "A
more honest, true and affectionate heart than Wilson's cannot be
found"--her mistress's words may serve her for epitaph.

[7]  "he was scourged by fleas."  It appears that Italy was famous
for its fleas in the middle of the nineteenth century.  Indeed,
they served to break down conventions that were otherwise
insurmountable.  For example, when Nathaniel Hawthorne went to tea
with Miss Bremer in Rome (1858), "we spoke of fleas--insects that,
in Rome, come home to everybody's business and bosom, and are so
common and inevitable, that no delicacy is felt about alluding to
the sufferings they inflict.  Poor little Miss Bremer was tormented
with one while turning out our tea. . . ."

[8]  "Nero had leapt from a top window."  Nero (c. 1849-60) was,
according to Carlyle, "A little Cuban (Maltese? and otherwise
mongrel) shock, mostly white--a most affectionate, lively little
dog, otherwise of small merit, and little or no training."
Material for a life of him abounds, but this is not the occasion to
make use of it.  It is enough to say that he was stolen; that he
brought Carlyle a cheque to buy a horse with tied round his neck;
that "twice or thrice I flung him into the sea [at Aberdour], which
he didn't at all like"; that in 1850 he sprang from the library
window, and, clearing the area spikes, fell "plash" on to the
pavement.  "It was after breakfast," Mrs. Carlyle says, "and he had
been standing at the open window, watching the birds. . . .  Lying
in my bed, I heard thro' the deal partition Elizabeth scream:  Oh
God! oh Nero! and rush downstairs like a strong wind out at the
street door . . . then I sprang to meet her in my night-shift. . . .
Mr. C. came down from his bedroom with his chin all over soap
and asked, 'Has anything happened to Nero?'--'Oh, sir, he MUST have
broken all his legs, he leapt out at YOUR window!'--'God bless me!'
said Mr. C. and returned to finish his shaving."  No bones were
broken, however, and he survived, to be run over by a butcher's
cart, and to die at last from the effects of the accident on 1st
February, 1860.  He is buried at the top of the garden at Cheyne
Row under a small stone tablet.

Whether he wished to kill himself, or whether, as Mrs. Carlyle
insinuates, he was merely jumping after birds, might be the
occasion for an extremely interesting treatise on canine
psychology.  Some hold that Byron's dog went mad in sympathy with
Byron; others that Nero was driven to desperate melancholy by
associating with Mr. Carlyle.  The whole question of dogs' relation
to the spirit of the age, whether it is possible to call one dog
Elizabethan, another Augustan, another Victorian, together with the
influence upon dogs of the poetry and philosophy of their masters,
deserves a fuller discussion than can here be given it.  For the
present, Nero's motives must remain obscure.

[9]  "Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton thought himself invisible."  Mrs.
Huth Jackson in A Victorian Childhood says, "Lord Arthur Russell
told me, many years later, that when a small boy he was taken to
Knebworth by his mother.  Next morning he was in the big hall
having breakfast when a strange-looking old gentleman in a shabby
dressing-gown came in and walked slowly round the table staring at
each of the guests in turn.  He heard his mother's neighbour
whisper to her, 'Do not take any notice, he thinks he is
invisible'.  It was Lord Lytton himself" (pp. 17-18).

[10]  "he was now dead".  It is certain that Flush died; but the
date and manner of his death are unknown.  The only reference
consists in the statement that "Flush lived to a good old age and
is buried in the vaults of Casa Guidi".  Mrs. Browning was buried
in the English Cemetery at Florence, Robert Browning in Westminster
Abbey.  Flush still lies, therefore, beneath the house in which,
once upon a time, the Brownings lived.



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